889 英翻中 (589) He Is GREATER THAN ANGELS . 比天使更大. 10/28/2024
CHAPTER TWO GREATER THAN ANGELS Hebrews 1:4—2:18 第二章 比天使更大. 希伯來書 1:4—2:18
Angels
were most important in the Jewish religion, primarily because thousands of
angels assisted in the giving of the law at
This long section on angels is divided into three sections. First, there is an affirmation (Heb. 1:4–14) of the superiority of Christ to the angels. The proof presented consists of seven quotations from the Old Testament. Second, there is an exhortation (Heb. 2:1–4) that the readers (and this includes us) pay earnest heed to the Word God has given through His Son. Finally, there is an explanation (Heb. 2:5–18) as to how Christ, with a human body, could still be superior to angels, who are spirits. 這關於天使的這長段經節可分為三部分 : 首先，肯定基督比天使優越（希伯來書 1:4-14）。由舊約的七處引文所組成來證明。其次，有一條勸勉和警誡（希伯來書 2:1-4）要讀者（包括我們）認真留意上帝藉由祂兒子所賜的話。最後，還有一個解釋（希伯來書 2:5-18），關於基督帶著人的身體如何仍然超越天使，而天使還是靈體。
2. Affirmation: Christ
Is
This section is comprised of seven quotations from the Old Testament, all of which prove the superiority of Christ to the angels. Scholars tell us that the writer quoted from the Greek version of the Hebrew Old Testament, known as the Septuagint. (The word Septuagint is a Greek word that means “seventy.” Tradition claims that seventy men translated the Hebrew Old Testament into the Greek. The abbreviation for Septuagint is LXX, Roman numerals for seventy.) However, the same Holy Spirit who inspired the Scriptures has the right to quote and restate the truth as He sees fit. 這長段經節由引用七處舊約經文組成，所有這些經文都證明基督比天使優越。聖經學者告訴我們，作者引用希伯來語舊約的希臘語版本，即七十士譯本。（“七十 ‘Septuagint’ ” 這詞是希臘詞，意思是 --- 傳統聲稱有七十個人將希伯來語舊約翻譯成希臘語。Septuagint 的縮寫是 LXX，羅馬數字是七十。）然而，同一位聖靈啟發了這聖經，有權引用和重申祂認為配合的真理。
Let us note the affirmations that are made about our Lord Jesus Christ, and the quotations that are cited to support them. 讓我們注意對我們的主耶穌基督所作的認定，以及被引用的經文來支持這真理。
He is
the Son (vv. 4–5). The “more excellent name” that Jesus possesses is “Son.”
While the angels collectively may be termed “the sons of God” (Job 1:6), no
angel would be given this title individually. It belongs uniquely to our Lord
Jesus Christ. The first quotation is from Psalm 2:7: “Thou art my Son, this day
have I begotten thee.” Paul pinpointed the time of this “begetting”: the
resurrection of Jesus Christ (Acts
He is the Firstborn who receives worship (v. 6). The term “firstborn” in the Bible does not always mean “born first.” God made Solomon the firstborn (Ps. 89:27) even though Solomon is listed tenth in the official genealogy (1 Chron. 3:1–5). The title is one of rank and honor, for the firstborn receives the inheritance and the special blessing. Christ is the “Firstborn of all creation” (Col. 1:15 nasb) because He created all things, and He is the highest of all who came back from the dead (Col. 1:18). When He came into the world, the angels worshipped Him (quoted from Deut. 32:43 in the LXX: “Heavens, rejoice with him, let the sons of God pay him homage!”). God commanded them to do so, which proves that Jesus Christ is God, for none of God’s angels would worship a mere creature. 耶穌是接受敬拜的首生的（第 6 節）。聖經中的“長子”並不總是指“首先生出來的”。上帝使所羅門成為長子（詩篇 89:27），儘管所羅門在家譜中排在第十位（歷代志上 3:1-5）。頭銜是等級和榮譽之一，因為長子會得到遺產和特殊的祝福。基督是“所有受造之物首生的”（歌羅西書 1:15 新美國標準版），因為祂創造了萬物，而且祂是從所有死裡首先復生的（歌羅西書1:18）。當他來到這個世界時，天使們敬拜祂（引自七十士譯本 申命記 32:43：“諸天，與祂同樂，讓上帝的兒子們向祂致敬！”）。上帝命令他們這樣做，這證明耶穌基督是上帝，因為上帝的天使不會崇拜單純的受造物。
He is
served by the angels (v. 7). This is a quotation from Psalm 104:4. The Hebrew
and Greek words for “spirit” are also translated “wind.” Angels are created
spirits; they have no bodies, though they can assume human forms when
ministering on earth. Angels sometimes served our Lord when He was on earth
(Matt.
He is
God enthroned and anointed (vv. 8–9). In some false cults this quotation from
Psalm 45:6–7 is translated, “Thy divine throne,” because cultists dislike this
strong affirmation that Jesus Christ is God. But the translation must stand:
“Thy throne, O God, is forever and ever.” Angels minister before the throne;
they do not sit on the throne. One of the main teachings of Psalm 110 is that
Jesus Christ, God’s Anointed (Messiah, Christ), is now enthroned in glory.
Jesus Himself referred to this important psalm (Mark
When
Christ ascended and entered the heavenly glory, He was anointed for His
heavenly ministry with “the oil of gladness” (Heb. 1:9). This probably refers
to Psalm
He is the eternal Creator (vv. 10–12). This long quotation comes from Psalm 102:25–27. The angels did not found the earth, for they too are a part of creation. Jesus Christ is the Creator, and one day He will do away with the old creation and bring in a new creation. Everything around us changes, but He will never change. He is “the same yesterday, and today, and forever” (Heb. 13:8). Creation is like an old garment, which will one day be discarded in favor of a new one. 基督是永恒的创造者（10-12 等节）。这段长的引文来自诗篇 102篇25-27等節。天使不知道地球，因为他们也是被创造的。耶稣基督是创造者，总有一天祂会废除旧造，带来新造。我们周围的一切都在改变，祂永远不改变。“昨日今日一直到永远祂總是一样”（希伯書来 13:8）。创造就像旧衣服，总有一天会被丢弃而换上新的。
Christ is the Sovereign; angels are the servants (vv. 13–14). Again, the writer quotes Psalm 110:1. The fact that Jesus Christ is now at the Father’s right hand (the place of honor) is mentioned many times in the New Testament (see Matt. 22:43–44; 26:64; Mark 16:19; Acts 2:33–34; Rom. 8:34; Col. 3:1; Heb. 1:3, 13; 8:1; 10:12; 12:2; 1 Peter 3:22). Angels are the ministering spirits who serve the Lord seated on the throne. But they also minister to us who are the “heirs of salvation” through faith in Christ. The angels today are serving us! 基督是至高无上的；天使是仆人（13-14 兩节）。作者再次引用了诗篇 110篇1節。耶稣基督现時在天父的右边（尊贵的地方），这一事实在新约中多次提到（见 马太福音 22:43-44；26:64；马可福音 16:19；使徒行传 2:33– 34；罗马书 8:34；歌羅西書 3:1；希伯来书 1:3, 13；8:1；10:12；12:2；彼得前书 3:22）。天使是侍奉坐在宝座上的主的服事之灵。但他们也为我们这些因信基督而“承受救恩”的人服务。今天的天使正在为我们服务！
It
would be impossible to do away with the evidence presented in these quotations.
Jesus Christ is greater than the angels, and this means He is also greater than
the law, which they helped deliver to the people of
Admonition: Heed the Word and Don’t Drift (2:1–4). 管教：順服真道，不要偏離（2:1-4）.
This is
the first of the five admonitions found in Hebrews. Their purpose is to
encourage all readers to pay attention to God’s Word and obey it. We have
already noted that these admonitions become stronger as we progress through the
book, from drifting from God’s Word to defying God’s Word (Heb.
The admonition is written to believers, for the writer included himself when he wrote “we.” The danger here is that of neglecting our salvation. Please note that the author did not write “rejecting” but “neglecting.” He was not encouraging sinners to become Christians; rather, he was encouraging Christians to pay attention to the great salvation they have received from the Lord. 管教的言詞是写给信徒的，因为作者在写“我们”时，也包括了他自己。这里的警誡是忽视我们的救恩的危险。请注意，作者没有写“拒绝”而是“忽视”。祂不是在鼓励失喪的罪人成为基督徒；相反的，是主鼓励基督徒要关注他们从祂那里得到的伟大救恩。
“Lest …
we should let them slip” (Heb. 2:1) might better be translated “lest we drift
away from them.” Later (Heb.
During the Old Testament days, people who did not heed the Word were sometimes punished. That Word was given through angels, so how much greater responsibility do we have today who have received the Word from the Son of God! In Hebrews 2:2, “transgression” refers to sins of commission, while “disobedience” suggests sins of omission. 在旧约时代，不听从圣经的人有时会受到惩罚。圣言是藉由天使传授的，所以我们今天从上帝的儿子那里接受了圣言的人，該有多大的责任！在希伯来书 2 章 2 节，“过犯”是指作为的罪，而“不服从”则是指不作为的罪。
I have often told the story of the pastor who preached a series of sermons on “the sins of the saints.” He was reprimanded by a member of the church. “After all,” said the member, “sin in the life of a Christian is different from sin in the lives of other people.” 我经常提起讲了一系列关于“圣徒的罪”的牧师故事。他受到教会成员的谴责。该教友说，“誠然，基督徒生活中的罪与其他人生活中的罪不同。”
“Yes,” replied the pastor, “it’s worse!” 牧师回答说，“是的， 情况更糟！”
We have
the idea that believers today “under grace” can escape the chastening hand of
God that was so evident “under law.” But to whom much is given, much shall be
required. Not only have we received the Word from the Son of God, but that Word
has been confirmed by apostolic miracles (Heb. 2:4). The phrase “signs and
wonders” is found eleven times in the New Testament. Here it refers to the
miracles that witnessed to the Word and gave confirmation that it was true.
These miracles were performed by the apostles (see Mark
Too many Christians today take the Word of God for granted and neglect it. In my pastoral ministry, I have discovered that neglect of the Word of God and prayer, publicly and privately, is the cause of most “spiritual drifting.” I need not multiply examples because every believer knows that this is true. He has either experienced this “drifting” or has seen it in the lives of others. 今天有太多的基督徒认为上帝的话语是理所当然的，因而忽视聖言。在我的教牧事工中，发现无论公开还是私下，都忽视上帝话语和祷告，是大多数“屬靈漂流”的原因。我不需要增加例子。
The next time you sing “Come, Thou Fount of Every Blessing,” recall that the composer, Robert Robinson, was converted under the mighty preaching of George Whitefield, but that later he drifted from the Lord. He had been greatly used as a pastor, but neglect of spiritual things led him astray. In an attempt to find peace, he began to travel. During one of his journeys, he met a young woman who was evidently very spiritually minded. 下次你唱“萬福恩源”时，记得作曲家罗伯 · 罗宾逊(Robert Robinson)在乔治 · 怀特菲尔(George Whitefield)偉大的讲道下悔改，但后来他偏离了主。他曾多次作牧师，但忽视属灵的事，使他误入歧途。为了寻求安宁，他开始旅行。在他的一次旅行中，遇到了一位显然有屬灵心志的年轻女子。
“What do you think of this hymn I have been reading?” she asked Robinson, handing him the book. It was his own hymn! He tried to avoid her question but it was hopeless, for the Lord was speaking to him. Finally, he broke down and confessed who he was and how he had been living away from the Lord. 她问罗宾逊，“你觉得我读的这首赞美诗如何？”把书递给他。那是他自己寫的赞美诗！ 他试图回避她的问题，但毫无希望，因为主正在对他说话。最后，他心碎了，并承认他是谁，以及他如何墮落，远离主而生活.
“But these ‘streams of mercy’ are still flowing,” the woman assured him, and through her encouragement, Robinson was restored to fellowship with the Lord. 女人向他保证，“但这些‘怜悯之恩流’仍在流著，”且在她的鼓励下，罗宾逊恢复了与主的交通。
It is easy to drift with the current, but it is difficult to return against the stream. Our salvation is a “great salvation,” purchased at a great price. It brings with it great promises and blessings, and it leads to a great inheritance in glory. How can we neglect it? 隨流失去容易，轉回逆流而上很难。我们的救恩是“偉大救恩”，是用重价买来的。它带来了伟大的应许和祝福，并带来了荣耀的伟大基业。我们怎么能忽视這偉大救恩呢？
Explanation: Why Jesus Christ Is Not Inferior Because of His Humanity (2:5–18) 闡釋 ：为什么耶稣基督不会因为祂的人性而自卑（2:5-18）
The fact that angels are “ministering spirits” without human bodies would seem to give them an advantage over Jesus Christ, who had a human body while He ministered on earth. (Today He has a glorified body that knows no limitations.) The writer gave four reasons that explain why our Lord’s humanity was neither a handicap nor a mark of inferiority. 天使是没有人的身体，而是 “服事的灵”，該事实似乎使他们比耶稣基督更有优势，耶稣基督在地上服事时有人的身体。 （今天祂有荣耀的身体，没有任何限制。）作者给出了四个理由来解释为什么我们主的人性，既不是障碍也不是自卑的标志。
His humanity enabled Him to regain man’s lost dominion (vv. 5–9). The quotation here is from Psalm 8:4–6, and you will want to read that entire psalm carefully. When God created the first man and woman, He gave them dominion over His creation (Gen. 1:26–31). David marveled that God would share His power and glory with feeble man! Man was created “a little lower than the angels” (and therefore inferior to them), but man was given privileges far higher than the angels. God never promised the angels that they would reign in “the world to come” (Heb. 2:5). 他的人性使他能够重新夺回人类失去的统治权（5至9 等节）。这里的引文来自诗篇 8篇4至6節，需要仔细阅读整篇诗篇。当上帝创造第一對男人和女人时，祂让他们管理祂所创造的宇宙萬物（创世记 1:26-31）。大卫惊叹上帝会与软弱的人分享祂的能力和荣耀！祂创造人时“比天使低一点”（因此不如天使），但祂赋予人远高過天使的特权。上帝从未应许天使他们会在“来世”作王（希伯来书 2:5）。
But we have a serious problem here, for it is obvious that man today is not exercising dominion over creation. Certainly man cannot control the fish, fowl, or animals. In fact, man has a hard time controlling himself! “But now we see not yet all things put under him” (Heb. 2:8). 但是我们这里有严重的问题，因为很明显，今天的人，并没有对创造物行使治理的权柄。人无法控制鱼、飛禽或动物。事实上，人很难控制自己！ “但现在我们还没有看见万有都放在他之下”（来 2:8）。
“But we
see Jesus” (Heb. 2:9)! He is God’s answer to man’s dilemma. Jesus Christ became
man that He might suffer and die for man’s sin and restore the dominion that
was lost because of sin. When our Lord was here on earth, He exercised that
lost dominion. He had dominion over the fish (see Matt.
Man was “crowned … with glory and honor” (Heb. 2:7 nasb), but he lost his crown and became the slave of sin. Jesus Christ has regained that “glory and honor” (Heb. 2:9), and believers today share His kingly dominion (Rev. 1:5–6). One day, when He establishes His kingdom, we shall reign with Him in glory and honor. Jesus Christ did all of this for us—for lost sinners—because of “the grace of God” (Heb. 2:9). If He had not become man, He could not have died and “taste[d] death [experienced death] for every man” (Heb. 2:9). It is true that angels cannot die, but it is also true that angels cannot save lost sinners and restore man’s lost dominion. 人“以荣耀尊贵为冠冕”（希伯来书 2:7 新美國標準版），但他失去了他的冠冕，成为了罪的奴仆。耶稣基督已经重新获得了“荣耀和尊贵”（希伯書来 2:9），今天的信徒分享了祂的君王统治权（启示录 1:5-6）。有一天，当祂建立上帝的国度时，我们将在荣耀和尊贵中与祂一起治理。耶稣基督为我们這失丧的罪人做了这一切，是因为“上帝的恩典”（希伯来书 2:9）。如果祂没有成为人，就不可能為贖我們的罪而死“为每个人尝死味 [经历过死亡] ”（希伯来书 2:9）。天使不会死是真的，但天使不能拯救失丧的罪人，恢复人失去的治理权，也是真的。
His
humanity enabled Him to bring many sons to glory (vv. 10–13). Christ is not
only the Last Adam, but He is also the Captain of salvation. That word Captain
literally means “pioneer—one who opens the way for others to follow.” Christ
gave up His glory to become man. He regained His glory when He arose and
ascended to heaven. Now He shares that glory with all who trust Him for
salvation (John
Christ
is united to us, and we are united to Him: we are spiritually one. In fact, we
are His “brethren” (Heb.
The
writer of Hebrews also quoted Isaiah 8:17–18 from the LXX. The immediate
reference, of course, is to the prophet Isaiah and his unique sons who were
given significant names (see Isa. 7:3; 8:1–4). But the ultimate reference is to
Jesus Christ. Not only are believers His brethren, but we are also His
children: “Behold I and the children which God hath given me” (Heb.
One
phrase in Hebrews
His
humanity enabled Him to disarm Satan and deliver us from death (vv. 14–16).
Angels cannot die. Jesus did not come to save angels (note Heb.
In what
sense did Satan have the power of death? The final authority of death is in the
hands of our God (Deut. 32:39; Matt.
Jesus
Christ did not take on Himself the nature of angels in order to save the fallen
angels (2 Peter 2:4; Rev. 12:7–9). Instead, He stooped lower than the angels to
become Man! And not just “man” in general; but He became a Jew, a part of the
“seed of Abraham” (Heb.
His humanity enables Him to be a sympathetic High Priest to His people (vv. 17–18). Being pure spirits who have never suffered, the angels cannot identify with us in our weaknesses and needs. But Jesus can! While He was here on earth, Jesus was “made like unto his brethren” in that He experienced the sinless infirmities of human nature. He knew what it was to be a helpless baby, a growing child, a maturing adolescent. He knew the experiences of weariness, hunger, and thirst (John 4:6–8). He knew what it was to be despised and rejected, to be lied about and falsely accused. He experienced physical suffering and death. All of this was a part of His “training” for His heavenly ministry as High Priest. 基督的人性使祂能够成为对祂的子民有同情心的大祭司（17至18 兩节）。作为从未受过苦的纯洁的灵，天使无法在我们的弱点和需要上與我们认同。但耶稣可以！耶稣在世时，“与祂的弟兄相似”，因为经历了人性无罪的软弱。基督知道当无助的婴儿、成长中的孩子，及成熟的青少年是什么感觉。有疲倦、饥饿和口渴的经驗（约翰福音 4：6-8）。祂知道什么是受人鄙视和拒绝，谎言和诬告。祂经历過肉体上的痛苦和死亡。所有这一切都是祂作为在天上大祭司 “操練”的一部分。
If you want an example of a man who was not a merciful and faithful high priest, then read the account about Eli (1 Sam. 2:27–36). Here was a high priest who did not even lead his own sons into a faithful walk with God. Eli even accused brokenhearted Hannah of being drunk (1 Sam. 1:9–18)! 如果想要知道不是仁慈忠信的大祭司的例子，阅读关于以利(Eli)在聖經上的记载（撒母耳記上 2:27-36）。他是大祭司，但他甚至没有带领自己的儿子与上帝忠心一起的行事。以利甚至指责心碎喝醉了的哈拿（撒母耳記上 1:9-18）！
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