886 英翻中(586) The Hebrew Is The Book of Exhortation. 希伯来书是劝勉的书. 10/26/2024
2. It Is a Book of Exhortation 2. 希伯来书是劝勉的书
The writer called this epistle “the word of exhortation” (Heb. 13:22). The Greek word translated “exhortation” simply means “encouragement.” It is translated “comfort” in Romans 15:4, and “consolation” in 2 Corinthians 1:5–7; 7:7. This word is related to the Greek word translated “Comforter” in John 14:16, referring to the Holy Spirit. The epistle to the Hebrews was not written to frighten people, but to encourage people. We are commanded to “encourage one another daily” (Heb. 3:13 niv). It reminds us that we have “strong encouragement” in Jesus Christ (Heb. 6:18 nasb). 作者称这封书信为“劝勉的话”（希伯来书 13:22）。翻译为“劝勉”的希腊词的意思是“鼓励”。它在罗马书 15章4節 中被翻译为“安慰”，在 哥林多後书 1章5至7 等節及 7章7節中，被翻译为“安慰”。这词与约翰福音 14章16節 中翻译为“安慰者”的希腊词有关，指的是圣灵。写给希伯来人的书信不是为了吓唬人，而是为了鼓励人。我们被命令“天天互相鼓励”（希伯来书 3:13 新國際版）。它提醒我们在耶稣基督里得到了“强烈的鼓励”（希伯来书 6:18 新美國標準版）。
At this point we must answer the usual question: “But what about those five terrible warnings found in Hebrews?” 在这点上，我们必须回答常见的问题：“希伯来书中的那五个可怕的勸勉和警告呢？”
To begin with, these five passages are not really “warnings.” Three basic words are translated “warn” in the New Testament, and the only one used in Hebrews is translated “admonished” in Hebrews 8:5 (kjv, where it refers to Moses) and “spake” in Hebrews 12:25. Only in Hebrews 11:7 is it translated “warned,” where it refers to Noah “being warned of God.” I think that the best description of the five so-called warning passages is the one given in Hebrews 13:22—“exhortation” (kjv), or “encouragement” (brv). This does not minimize the seriousness of these five sections of the book, but it does help us grasp their purpose: to encourage us to trust God and heed His Word. 首先，这五段经文并不是真正的“警告”。三个基本词在新约中被翻译为“警告”，而在希伯来书中唯一使用的一个词在希伯来书 8章5節（欽定版中指摩西），在希伯来书 12章25 節中翻译为“劝告”。只有在希伯来书 11章7節中才翻译为“警告”，它指的是挪亚“受上帝警告”。我认为对这五个所谓的勸勉警告段落中，最好的描述是希伯来书 13章22節中给出的“劝勉”（欽定版）或“鼓励”（brv版）。这并没有降低希伯來书这五个部分的严肃性，但它确实帮助我们理解它们的目的：鼓励我们相信上帝并听从祂的话语。
The epistle to the Hebrews opens with an important declaration: “God … has spoken to us in His Son” (Heb. 1:1–2 nasb). Near the close of the book, the writer stated, “See to it that you do not refuse Him who is speaking” (Heb. 12:25 nasb). In other words, the theme of Hebrews seems to be “God has spoken; we have His Word. What are we doing about it?” 希伯来书以重要的宣告开始：“上帝……借着祂儿子对我们说话”（希伯来书 1:1-2 新美國標準版）。在本书快要结束时，作者说：“你们要小心，不要拒绝说话的人”（希伯来书 12:25新美國標準版）。换句话说，希伯来书的主题似乎是“上帝说话了；有祂的话语。我们該怎么做？”
With this truth in mind, we can now better understand the significance of those five “problem passages” in Hebrews. Each of these passages encourages us to heed God’s Word (“God … has spoken”) by pointing out the sad spiritual consequences that result if we do not. Let me list these passages for you and explain their sequence in the book of Hebrews. I think you will see how they all hang together and present one message: heed God’s Word. 在心志中记住这真理，我们现在可以更好地理解希伯来书中那五个“问题段落”的意义。这些段落中的每一段落，都通过指出如果我们不这样做会导致可悲的属灵后果，鼓励我们留心上帝的话语（“上帝……已经说过”）。让我为你列出这些段落，并解释它们在希伯来书中的顺序。我想你会看到他们如何联系在一起并传达一件信息：注意上帝的话语。
Drifting from the Word—2:1–4 (neglect) 偏离圣经 : 2:1-4（忽视）
Doubting the Word—3:7—4:13 (hard heart) 怀疑上帝的话 : 3:7—4:13（硬心）
Dullness toward the Word—5:11—6:20 (sluggishness) 对上帝的话反應迟钝 : 5:11—6:20（呆滞）
Despising the Word—10:26–39 (willfulness) 藐视上帝的话 : 10:26-39（任性）
Defying the Word—12:14–29 (refusing to hear) 违抗上帝的话 : 12:14-29（拒绝听）
If we do not listen to God’s Word and really hear it, we will start to drift. Neglect always leads to drifting, in things material and physical as well as spiritual. As we drift from the Word, we start to doubt the Word, because faith comes by hearing the Word of God (Rom. 10:17). We start to get hard hearts, and this leads to spiritual sluggishness, which produces dullness toward the Word. We become “dull of hearing”—lazy listeners! This leads to a despiteful attitude toward the Word to the extent that we willfully disobey God, and this gradually develops into a defiant attitude—we almost “dare” God to do anything! 如果我们不听神的话语并真正听到它，我们就会开始偏離。忽视总是导致偏離，无论是物质的、还是屬靈的。当我们偏离上帝的道时，我们便會开始怀疑上帝的道，因为信心来自听上帝的话（罗马书 10:17）。我们的心开始变得刚硬，这导致属灵的緩慢，导致对上帝话语的迟钝。我们变得“听力迟钝”，成為一群懒惰的听众！这导致我们对上帝的话语态度傲慢，以至于行成故意不顺服神，并逐渐发展出我們挑衅的心态，我们几乎“敢”做任何背逆上帝的事！
Now what does God do while this spiritual regression is going on? He keeps speaking to us, encouraging us to get back to the Word. If we fail to listen and obey, then He begins to chasten us. This chastening process is the theme of Hebrews 12, the climactic chapter in the epistle. “The Lord shall judge his people” (Heb. 10:30, italics mine). God does not allow His children to become “spoiled brats” by permitting them to willfully defy His Word. He always chastens in love. 当属灵倒退正在进行的當兒，上帝將會做什么？ 祂會不断对我们说话，鼓励我们回到祂的话中。如果我们不听和不顺服，祂就会开始管教我们。这管教的过程是希伯来书第 12 章的主题，也是这封书信的高潮章节。 “主必审判祂的百姓”（希伯来书 10:30，斜体字的mine）。上帝不允许祂的孩子们故意违抗祂的话语，从而让他们成为“被宠坏的孩子”。祂总是用爱来管教。
These five exhortations are addressed to people who are truly born again. Their purpose is to get the readers to pay close attention to God’s Word. While there is some stern language in some of these passages, it is my understanding that none of these exhortations “threatens” the reader by suggesting that he may “lose his salvation.” If he persists in defying God’s Word, he may lose his life (“Shall we not much rather be in subjection unto the Father of spirits, and live?” Heb. 12:9). The inference is that if we do not submit, we might die. “There is a sin unto death” (1 John 5:16). But if the epistle to the Hebrews teaches anything, it teaches the assurance of eternal life in a living High Priest who can never die (Heb. 7:22–28). 这五句劝勉警告的聖言，是写给真正重生的人。該聖言的目的是让读者密切关注上帝的话语。虽然其中有幾段含有严厉的语言，但據我的理解，这些劝告都没有暗示读者可能“失去救恩”来“威胁”他。如果他坚持违背上帝的话语，他可能会失去生命（“何況萬靈的父，我们豈不更當顺服祂而得生吗？”希伯来书 12:9）。但推論是，若我们不順服，我们可能会死。 “有至于死的罪”（约翰一书 5:16）。但是，若希伯来书要教导什么，那就是教导永生的活活着的大祭司，祂有永生的確证（希伯来书 7:22-28）。
Some students try to explain away the “problem” of “losing your salvation” or “apostasy” by claiming that the readers were not truly born again, but were only “professors” of Christian faith. However, the way the writer addresses them would eliminate that approach; for he called them “holy brethren, partakers of the heavenly calling” (Heb. 3:1). He told them that they had a High Priest in heaven (Heb. 4:14), which he would not have written if they were lost. They had been “made partakers of the Holy Spirit” (Heb. 6:4). The admonitions in Hebrews 10:19–25 would be meaningless if addressed to unsaved people. The epistle to the Hebrews is a book of evaluation, proving that Jesus Christ is better than anything the law of Moses has to offer. 有些学生试图藉由声称，读者并没有真正重生，而只是對基督信仰的“表白者”来解释“失去救恩”或“背教”的“问题”。不過，作者對這問題解决的方式，試用消除这种方法；因为作者称他们为“同蒙天召圣洁的弟兄”（希伯来书 3:1）。他告诉他们，他们在天上有位大祭司（希伯來書 4:14），如果他们是喪失者，他就不会写這書信。他们已经“与圣灵有分”（希伯来书 6:4）。如果是针对未得救的人，希伯来书 10章19至25等節中的劝勉将毫无意义。希伯来书是评价书，证明耶稣基督比摩西律法所提供的任何东西都好。
The epistle is also a book of exhortation, urging its readers to hear and heed the Word of God, lest they regress spiritually and experience the chastening hand of God. 这封新約普通书信也是劝勉的书，劝勉读者要听上帝的话，順从祂的话，免得他們自己的灵性倒退，且要经历上帝管教的手。
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