979 英翻中 (779) PSALM 4 詩篇 4 10/02/2025

 979 英翻中 (779)                   PSALM 4                            詩篇 4                     10/02/2025

PSALM 4   詩篇 4                                                                                                                                  When you compare the wording in this psalm with Psalm 3, you cannot but draw the conclusion that they deal with the same situation in David’s life: foes/distress (v. 1), many/many (vv. 6, 2), glory (vv. 2, 3), call/answer (vv.1, 4), lie down/sleep (vv. 8, 5). Psalm 3 is a morning psalm (v. 5) and Psalm 4 an evening psalm (v. 8). For the historical setting, review the introduction to Psalm 3. This is the first mention of “the chief musician,” who is included in the titles of fifty-three psalms. He was the “minister of worship” and custodian of the sacred psalms at the tabernacle and then the temple (1 Chron. 6:31–32; 15:16–22; 25:1, 7). The Hebrew word neginoth means “accompanied by stringed instruments” (4, 6, 54, 55, 61, 67, 76) and refers to the harp and lyre (1 Chron. 23:5; 25:1, 3, 6). It’s a wonderful thing that David could turn this distressing experience into song, to the glory of God. His example shows us what our responses ought to be in times of crisis.                                                                   當你將這首詩篇的措詞與詩篇第3篇進行比較時，你不能不得出這樣的結論：它們所處理的是大衛生活中的相同情況：仇敵/困苦（1節）、許多/許多（6、2節）、榮耀（2、3節）、呼求/回應（1、4節）、躺下/睡覺（8、5節）。詩篇 3 是晨詩（第 5 節），詩篇 4 是晚詩（第 8 節）。關於歷史背景，請回顧詩篇第3篇的引言。他是會幕和聖殿中的「敬拜牧師」和神聖詩篇的保管人（歷代誌上 6:31-32；15:16-22；25:1, 7）。希伯來文 neginoth 的意思是「由弦樂器伴奏」（4,6,54,55,61,67,76），指的是豎琴和豎琴（代上 23:5；25:1,3,6）。大衛能夠將這段痛苦的經歷變成歌曲，以榮耀上帝，這是一件奇妙的事。他的例子向我們展示了在危機時期我們應該採取什麼反應。

Look to the Lord (v. 1)                                                                                                                              仰望主（第 1 節）                                                                                                                                 “Hear me” is a passionate and concerned call that means “Answer me!” David had been praying for God’s help and was desperate to receive an answer. (See 18:6; 50:15; 55:16; 145:18.) During his youthful days of exile, he had a priest with him to consult the Urim and Thummim and determine God’s will, but not during Absalom’s rebellion. “God of my righteousness”7 implies not only that God is righteous and will do what is best (“my righteous God”), but also that David’s righteousness came from God, and therefore God should vindicate him (“God of my innocence”). Yes, David was being chastened because of his disobedience, but God had forgiven his sins. God had called David to be king, and God alone could vindicate him.                                                                                                          “聽我說”是一個充滿熱情和關心的呼喚，意思是“回答我！”大衛一直在祈求上帝的幫助，並迫切希望得到回應。 （參閱18:6；50:15；55:16；145:18。）在他被放逐的青年時期，他有一位祭司陪伴他，負責諮詢烏陵和土明並確定上帝的旨意，但在押沙龍叛亂期間卻沒有這樣做。 「賜我公義的神」7   不只表示神是公義的，會做最好的事（「我公義的神」），也表示大衛的公義來自神，因此神應該為祂伸冤（「賜我清白的神」）。是的，大衛因為悖逆而受到懲罰，但神已經赦免了他的罪。神呼召大衛作王，只有神才能為祂辯護。                                                                        David reminded the Lord that He had often delivered him in times past, so He was able to deliver him now. “Distress” means “pressed into a corner, in a tight place.” But God “enlarged him” or “set him in a broad place,” for David grew spiritually in difficult situations (18:19, 36; 25:17; 31:8; 118:5; 119:32). David knew he didn’t deserve any help from the Lord, but he prayed on the basis of God’s mercy and favor. God in His grace gives us what we don’t deserve, and God in His mercy doesn’t give us what we do deserve.                                                                                                                                           大衛提醒主，過去神常常拯救他，所以現在神也能拯救他。 「Distress」的意思是「被壓到一個角落，在一個狹窄的地方」。但神“使他為大”或“把他安置在寬闊的地方”，因為大衛在困難的環境中在靈性上成長（18:19, 36; 25:17; 31:8; 118:5; 119:32）。大衛知道他不配得到神的任何幫助，但他是基於神的憐憫和恩惠而禱告。神本著祂的恩典給了我們不配得到的東西，神本著祂的憐憫也沒有給我們應得的東西。                                                                                                      

Confront the Enemy (vv. 2–3)                                                                                                                  對抗敵人（2-3節）                                                                                                                                  David wasn’t at the scene of the revolt, but he spoke out to those who had turned against him and made Absalom king. The phrase “sons of men” refers to the leading men of rank who had been seduced by Absalom and with him were leading the people astray. David understood their thinking and how Absalom had deceived them. David had no glory of his own, for all his glory came from the Lord (3:3). The enthusiastic mob was following vanity and would pay dearly for their sins. When you follow vain things and believe falsehood, you can only go astray. The people weren’t just deposing a king; they were fighting against the Lord Jehovah who had placed David on the throne. Absalom certainly wasn’t a man of God, nor was he God’s chosen one to rule over Israel. The rebels were actually following a false god when they listened to Absalom’s flattery and lying promises (2 Sam. 15:1–6). David didn’t try to compromise with the rebels; he knew what they were, and he rejected them.                                          大衛並未在叛亂現場，但他向那些背叛他並擁立押沙龍為王的人大聲疾呼。 「世人」這個字指的是被押沙龍引誘並與他一起引導人民走入歧途的有地位的人物。大衛了解他們的想法，也明白押沙龍是如何欺騙他們的。大衛沒有自己的榮耀，因為他一切的榮耀都來自耶和華（3:3）。狂熱的暴民追隨虛榮心，將為他們的罪惡付出慘痛的代價。當你追隨虛妄的事物並相信謊言時，你只能誤入歧途。人們不僅廢黜了國王，還廢黜了國王。他們與讓大衛登上王位的主耶和華爭戰。押沙龍當然不是神的人，也不是神所揀選來統治以色列的人。當叛徒聽從押沙龍的諂媚和謊言時，他們實際上是在追隨一個假神（撒母耳記下 15：1-6）。大衛並沒有試圖與反抗軍妥協，而是與他們妥協。他知道它們是什麼，但他拒絕了它們。           

Encourage Your Friends (vv. 4–5)                                                                                                              鼓勵你的朋友（4-5節）                                                                                                                             In these verses, David speaks to his own followers, some of whom were so overcome by their emotions that they were about to get out of hand. David gave them six instructions, all of which are useful to us today when we find ourselves getting angry. Tremble before the Lord (4a). Believers who fear the Lord need not fear anything else. Absalom’s followers neither trembled before the Lord nor before their rightful king.                                                                                                                                                在這些經文中，大衛對他自己的追隨者說話，其中一些被自己的情緒所壓倒，以至於快要失控了。大衛給了他們六個指示，所有這些對我們今天發現自己生氣時都很有用。在主面前顫抖（4a）。敬畏主的信徒不需要懼怕任何事。押沙龍的追隨者既沒有在耶和華面前戰栗，也沒有在合法的王面前戰慄。                                                                                                                                        Don’t sin (4b). Sinful anger leads to sinful words and deeds, and even to murder (Matt. 5:21–26). Paul quoted this verse in Ephesians 4:26, using the Septuagint (Greek version of the Old Testament). It reads, “Be angry, and do not sin” (nkjv), which reminds us that not all anger is sinful. There is a holy anger against sin that ought to be in the heart of every believer (Mark 3:5), but we must be careful not to be guilty of unholy anger.                                                                                                           不要犯罪（4b）。有罪的憤怒會導致有罪的言語和行為，甚至導致謀殺（太 5:21-26）。保羅在以弗所書 4:26 中引用了這節經文，使用的是七十士譯本（舊約的希臘文版本）。它寫道：「生氣，不要犯罪」（nkjv），這提醒我們並非所有的憤怒都是有罪的。每個信徒的心中都應該有一種針對罪的神聖憤怒（馬可福音3:5），但我們必須小心，不要犯下不聖潔的憤怒。         Search your own hearts (4c). It’s easy to get angry at the sins of others and ignore our own sins (Matt. 7:1–5). In fact, David himself was guilty of doing this (2 Sam. 12:1–7). Some translate this phrase “Speak to your own heart” (see 10:6, 11, 13). Instead of tossing and turning in bed because of the things others are doing, take inventory and see if there aren’t sins in your own heart that need to be confessed.                                                                                                                                                               捫心自問（4c）。我們很容易對別人的罪感到憤怒，而忽略自己的罪（太 7:1-5）。事實上，大衛自己也犯了這樣的罪（撒母耳記下 12：1-7）。有些人將這句話翻譯為「對自己的心說話」（參考 10:6,11,13）。不要因為別人所做的事而在床上翻來覆去，反省一下自己的心裡是否有需要認罪的罪。                                                                                                                                                Be still (4d). The Amplified Bible translates this, “Be sorry for the things you say in your heart.” Another translation is “say so in your own heart,” that is, “Say to your own heart, Sin not.” The honest searching of the heart should lead us to confess our sins to the Lord and claim His gracious forgiveness (1 John 1:9).                                                                                                                                           保持安靜（4d）。擴展版聖經翻譯為：“為你心裡所說的話感到抱歉。”另一種翻譯是“在你自己的心裡說這樣”，即“對你自己的心說，不要犯罪”。誠實地省察內心應該引導我們向主承認我們的罪並請求祂仁慈的寬恕（約翰一書1:9）。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Offer right sacrifices (5a). They couldn’t offer them there in the wilderness, but they could promise Psalm 3—4 876 the Lord they would do so when they returned to Jerusalem. This is what Jonah did (Jonah 2:9). Absalom was offering insincere and hypocritical sacrifices to impress the people (1 Sam. 15:12), but God didn’t accept them. (See Ps. 50:14–15.)                                                                           做出正確的犧牲（5a）。他們無法在曠野獻祭，但他們可以向主許諾，當他們回到耶路撒冷時，他們會在詩篇 3-4 876 中獻祭。這就是約拿所做的（約拿書 2:9）。押沙龍獻上不真誠和虛偽的祭物來打動百姓（撒 15:12），但上帝沒有接受他們。 （參考詩篇 50：14-15。）                      Trust the Lord (5b). Absalom was trusting his leadership, his army, his clever strategy, and his popularity with the people, but he wasn’t trusting the Lord. His plans were destined to fail.                          相信主（5b）。押沙龍相信他的領導、他的軍隊、他聰明的策略以及他在人民中的受歡迎程度，但他並不信任耶和華。他的計劃注定失敗。                                                                                    David was not only a great king and military strategist, but he was also a loving shepherd who cared for his people and wanted them to walk with the Lord. David knew that the spiritual condition of his people was far more important than their military skill, for the Lord gives victory to those who trust and obey (Ps. 51:16–19).                                                                                                                                       大衛不僅是一位偉大的國王和軍事戰略家，而且他也是一位慈愛的牧羊人，關心他的子民並希望他們與主同行。大衛知道他的人民的精神狀況比他們的軍事技能更重要，因為耶和華將勝利賜給那些信任和服從的人（詩篇 51：16-19）。                                                                            

Praise the Lord (vv. 6–8)                                                                                                                          讚美主（第 6-8 節）                                                                                                                          David’s leaders reported to him what many of the people were saying, so he knew that there was discouragement in the ranks (see also 3:2). “Who will show us any good?” means “O that we might see some good!” (AB), or “Can anything good come out of this?” or “Who can get us out of this plight?” The tense of the verb indicates that this discouraging statement was repeated again and again by the complainers, and the more they complained, the more others took up the strain. The Jewish Publication大衛的領袖向他報告了許多人的言論，因此他知道隊伍中存在灰心（另見 3:2）。 “誰能為我們帶來什麼好處呢？”意思是“哦，但願我們能看到一些好東西！” (AB)，或“這能帶來什麼好處嗎？”或“誰能幫助我們擺脫困境？”動詞的時態表明，抱怨者一次又一次地重複這種令人沮喪的說法，他們抱怨得越多，其他人就越承受壓力。猶太出版協會的版本寫道：“祝你好運！”人們常說，「過去的美好時光」是糟糕的記憶力和美好的想像力的結合。人們在尋找什麼樣的「善」──物質財富、不惜一切代價的和平與安全、虔誠的國王、成功的新國王？                                  Society version reads, “O for good days!” It’s well been said that “the good old days” are a combination of a bad memory and a good imagination. What kind of “good” were the people looking for—material wealth, peace and security at any price, a godly king, a successful new king?                              社會版本寫道：“祝你好運！”人們常說，「過去的美好時光」是糟糕的記憶力和美好的想像力的結合。人們在尋找什麼樣的「善」──物質財富、不惜一切代價的和平與安全、虔誠的國王、成功的新國王？                                                                                                                                           David knew what kind of good he wanted: the light of God’s smile upon him and his people. To see the glorious face of God and know that He was well pleased would take care of everything. This statement refers to the priestly blessing in Numbers 6:24–26, and see also 31:16; 44:3; 67:1; 80:3, 7, 19; and 119:135. There was no priest present to bestow this blessing, but David knew that God would answer the prayer of his heart. The king wanted to see the Lord change darkness into light, and that’s exactly what He did. But not only did David’s darkness become light, but his discouragement was replaced by joy (v. 7). The Israelites experienced great joy at weddings and bountiful harvests (Isa. 9:3; Jer. 48:33); but the joy God gave David exceeded even those times. (See Rom. 15:13; John 16:24.) Finally, David praised God for the peace the Lord placed in his heart before the battle had been fought and won (v. 8; see 3:5). God had given him rest the night before, and now he would rest again, knowing that God was his shield (3:3). The Hebrew word for “peace” (shalom) means much more than the absence of conflict. It carries with it the ideas of adequacy for life, confidence and fullness of life. Perhaps the Lord brought Deuteronomy 33:12 to David’s mind—“The beloved of the Lord shall dwell in safety by Him, who shelters him all day long …” (nkjv). This promise is even more meaningful when you recall that David’s name means “beloved.”                                                                                                     大衛知道他想要什麼樣的好表現：上帝的微笑之光照耀著他和他的子民。看見上帝榮耀的面容並知道祂很高興，一切都會迎刃而解。這句話指的是民數記 6 章 24-26 節的司祭祝福，另參 31 章 16 節； 44:3； 67:1； 80:3、7、19；和 119:135。雖然沒有祭司在場賜福，但大衛知道上帝會回應他內心的禱告。國王希望看到主將黑暗變為光明，而祂也確實做到了。但大衛的黑暗不僅變成了光明，而且他的沮喪也被喜樂取代（7節）。以色列人在婚禮和豐收中經歷了極大的喜樂（以賽亞書 9:3；耶利米書 48:33）；但神給大衛的喜樂甚至超過了那個時代。 （參考羅馬書 15:13；約翰福音 16:24。）最後，大衛讚美上帝，因為在戰鬥打贏之前，主已將平安放在他心裡（第 8 節；參閱 3:5）。神在前一天晚上讓他休息了，現在他又要休息了，因為他知道神是他的盾牌（3:3）。希伯來語中的「和平」（shalom）一詞不僅僅意味著沒有衝突。它承載著生活的充足性、生活的自信和充實的理念。也許主讓大衛想起申命記 33 章 12 節－「耶和華所愛的人必在他那里安然居住，他終日庇護他…」（新欽定本）。當你想起大衛名字的意思是「親愛的」時，這個應許就更有意義了。