142 英翻中(路加福音勇往直前第九課 ) IN THE UPPER ROOM 在角樓上 27/10/2025

142 英翻中(路加福音勇往直前第九課 )   IN THE UPPER ROOM      在角樓上         27/10/2025

  

Daily Light.                  Morning and Evening                                     by   Thomas   Nelson

 每日之光。                 清晨與黃昏靈修                                             湯瑪斯‧納爾遜  著作

October  27  Morning                                                                                                                                 10月27日 清晨靈修                                            

                                   He himself took our infirmities and bore our sicknesses.                                                                                      祂代替我們的軟弱，擔當我們的疾病。 

     Then the priest shall command  to take for him who is to be cleansed two  living and clean birds, cedar wood, scarlet, and hyssop.  And the priest shall command that one of the birds be killed in an earthen vessel over running water.  As for the living bird, he shall take it, the cedar wood and the scarlet and the hyssop, and dip them and  the  living bird in the blood of the bird that was killed over the running water.  And he shall sprinkle it seven times on him who is to be cleansed from  the leprosy, and shall pronounce him clean, and shall let the living bird loose in the open field.                                                                                                                                                     祭司要吩咐人為那求潔淨的人取兩隻潔淨的活鳥，並香柏木、朱紅色線和牛膝草。祭司要吩咐人把一隻活鳥宰在盛滿活水的瓦器裡。至於活鳥，祭司要取香柏木、朱紅色線和牛膝草，連同活鳥一起蘸在宰於活水上的鳥血裡，灑在患大麻風求潔淨的人身上七次，就定他為潔淨，又把活鳥放在田野裡。                                                                                                                                      Behold, a man who was full of leprosy saw Jesus; and he fell on his face and implored Him, saying, “Lord, if You are willing.  You can make me clean.”  And Jesus, moved with     compassion, stretched out His hand and touched him, and said to him, “I am willing; be cleansed.” As soon as He had spoked, immediately the leprosy left him, and he was cleansed.                  有一個長滿大麻風的人看見耶穌，就俯伏在地，求他說：“主若肯，必能叫我潔淨了。”耶穌動了慈心，就伸手摸他，說：「我肯，你潔淨了吧！」他一說完，痲瘋病立刻離開了他，他就潔淨了。                                                                                                                                                                             Matt.  8:17;  Lev. 14:4-7; Luke 5:12; Mark 1:41-42                                                                                馬太福音 8:17；利 14:4-7；路 5:12；可 1:41-4

Evening 

晚上靈修                                     He whom you bless is blessed.                                                                                                                          你們祝福的人有福了。

          Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.  Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted.  Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth.   Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they shall be filled.  Blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy.  Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God.  Blessed are the peacemaker, for they shall be called sons od God.  Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness’sake, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.  Blessed are those who hear the word of God and keep it!                                                                                                                       虛心的人有福了，因為天國是他們的。哀慟的人有福了，因為他們必得安慰。溫柔的人有福了，因為他們必承受地土。飢渴慕義的人有福了，因為他們必得飽足。憐卹人的人有福了，因為他們必蒙憐卹。清心的人有福了，因為他們必得見神。使人和睦的人有福了，因為他們必稱為神的兒子。為義受逼迫的人有福了，因為天國是他們的。聽神之道而遵守的人有福了！                                                                                                                                                                         Blessed are those who do His commandments, that they may have the right to the tree of life, and may enter through the gates into the city.                                                                                             凡遵守祂誡命的人有福了，可得權柄能到生命樹那裡，也能從門進城。

                             Num. 22:6;  Matt. 5:3-12; Luke 11:28; Rev. 22:14                                                                                   民 22:6；太 5:3-12；路 11:28；啟 22:14

                               

CHAPTER Nine                                          Luke 22:1–38                   IN THE UPPER ROOM
勇往直前第九課                                         路加福音22：1-38          在角樓上
 
Jesus had “steadfastly set his face to go to Jerusalem” (Luke 9:51), knowing full well what would happen to Him there, and now those events were about to occur. They were appointments, not accidents, for they had been determined by the Father and written centuries ago in the Old Testament Scriptures (Luke 24:26–27). We cannot but admire our Savior and love Him more as we see Him courageously enter into this time of suffering and eventual death. We must remember that He did it for us.
耶稣“坚定不移地去耶路撒冷”（路加福音9:51），祂完全清楚在那里会发生什么事，这些事件现在即将发生。他们是约会，而不是意外，因为他们是由天父决定的，并且在几个世纪前在旧约圣经中写成（路加福音24：26-27）。当我们看到耶穌勇敢地进入这痛苦和最终死亡的时間，不得不钦佩我们的救主并更爱祂。但必须记住，祂是为我们做的。
 
The Passover supper in the Upper Room gives us the focus for our present study.
角樓上的逾越节晚餐供我们目前研究的重点。
 
1.  Before the Supper: Preparation (22:1–13)
1.  逾越节晚餐前：准备（22：1-13）
 
Passover, Pentecost, and Tabernacles were the three most important feasts on the Jewish calendar (Lev. 23), and all the Jewish men were expected to go to Jerusalem each year to celebrate (Deut. 16:16). The Feast of Passover commemorated the deliverance of Israel from Egypt, and it was a time for both remembering and rejoicing (Ex. 11—12). Thousands of excited pilgrims crowded in and around Jerusalem during that week, causing the Romans to always be nervous about possible uprisings. Passover had strong political overtones, and it was the ideal time for some would-be messiah to attempt to overthrow Rome. This explains why King Herod and Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor, were in Jerusalem instead of being at Tiberius and Caesarea respectively. They wanted to help keep the peace.
逾越节，五旬节和住棚节是犹太历法上最重要的三个节日（利未记23章），所有的犹太人都应该每年去耶路撒冷庆祝（申命记16:16）。逾越节盛宴是纪念以色列出从埃及得救，是值得记忆和喜乐的时刻（出埃及记11-12）。在那个星期，成千上万的兴奋朝圣者拥挤在耶路撒冷及其四周，总是导致罗马人对可能的起义感到紧张。逾越节有强烈的政治色彩，这是弥赛亚可能來到的理想时间，企图推翻罗马。这就解释了为什么希律王和罗马总督彼拉多都在耶路撒冷,  而不是在提比略和該撒利亚。他们試圖维持和平。
 
The religious leaders prepared for a crime (vv. 1–6). It is incredible that these men perpetrated history’s greatest crime during Israel’s holiest festival. During Passover, the Jews were expected to remove all leaven (yeast) from their houses (Ex. 12:15) as a reminder that their ancestors left Egypt in haste and had to eat unleavened bread. Jesus had warned His disciples about the “leaven of the Pharisees, which is hypocrisy” (Luke 12:1; also see Matt. 16:6; 1 Cor. 5:1–8), and now we see this hypocrisy at work.
宗教领袖准备去犯罪（1-6节）。令人难以置信，这些人在以色列最神圣的节日期间企圖犯下历史上最严重的罪行。在逾越节期间，犹太人应该从他们的房屋中除去所有發酵菌（酵母）（出埃及记12:15），是提醒他们紀念祖先匆匆离开埃及，不得不吃无酵饼。耶稣已经警告祂的门徒“法利赛人的酵，是虚伪的”（路加福音12：1;也见马太福音16：6;哥林多前書5：1-8），现在我们看到这种虚伪在起作用。
 
The religious leaders had cleansed their homes but not their hearts (see Matt. 23:25–28). For a long time now, they had wanted to arrest Jesus and get Him out of the way, but they had not been able to work out a safe plan that would protect them from the people. Judas solved their problem for them. He guaranteed to deliver Jesus to them privately so there would be no uproar from the people. The last thing the Jewish Sanhedrin wanted was a messianic uprising at Passover season (see Luke 19:11).
宗教领袖们已经洁净了他们的家园,  但没有潔淨他们的心灵（见马太福音23：25-28）。很长一段时间以来，他们一直想要逮捕耶稣,  并让祂离开，但是他们无法找到安全的策略来保护他们自己免受人民的伤害。犹大为他们解决了问题。他保证私下将耶稣交给他们，这样人们就不会起哄。犹太公会想要做的最后一件事,  是在逾越节季节的弥赛亚式的起义（见路加福音19:11）。
 
Judas was motivated and energized by Satan (John 13:2, 27), for he never was a true believer in Jesus Christ. His sins had never been cleansed by the Lord (John 13:10–11), and he had never believed and received eternal life (John 6:64–71). Yet none of the other apostles had the least suspicion that Judas was a traitor. We have every reason to believe that Judas had been given the same authority as the other men and that he had preached the same message and performed the same miracles. It shows how close a person can come to God’s kingdom and still be lost (Matt. 7:21–29).
犹大受撒但的誘惑和激励（约翰福音13：2,27），因为他从未真正相信耶稣基督。他的罪从来没有被主清洗过（约翰福音13：10-11），他从未相信耶穌, 也未得永生（约翰福音6：64-71）。然而，其他的使徒都没有怀疑犹大是叛徒。我们完全有理由相信，犹大与其他人一样享有同样的权柄，并且他传播了同样的信息并且行了同样的神迹。它表明一个人与上帝的国度這麼接近,  但仍然會喪失（马太福音7：21-29）。
 
Why did Judas betray the Lord Jesus? We know that he was a thief (John 12:4–6) and that money played a part in his terrible deed. But thirty pieces of silver was not a large payment for such a great crime, and there had to be something more involved. It is possible that Judas saw in Jesus the salvation of the Jewish nation and, therefore, he followed Him because he hoped to hold an office in the kingdom. Keep in mind that the Twelve often argued over who was the greatest in the kingdom, and Judas, the treasurer, surely participated in those important discussions.    
为什么犹大會背叛主耶稣？我们知道他是小偷（约翰福音12：4-6），这笔钱在他可怕的行为中发挥了作用。三十块白银不是這麼大的罪行的代價，它必须有更多的事参与。犹大有可能在耶稣身上看到了犹太民族的救赎，因此他跟随了祂，因为他希望在王国中任职。请记住，十二門徒经常争论谁是国度中最大的人，管财务的犹太，肯定参与了那些重要的爭大的讨论。
 
When Judas understood that Jesus would not establish the kingdom but rather would surrender to the authorities, he turned against Him in bitter retaliation. The “leaven” in his life grew quietly and secretly until it produced “malice and wickedness” (1 Cor. 5:6–8). When you cooperate with Satan, you pay dearly, and Judas ended up destroying himself (Matt. 27:3–5).  Satan is a liar and a murderer (John 8:44), and he reproduced himself perfectly in Judas.
当犹大明白耶稣不会建立王国而宁愿向当局降服时，他用痛苦的报复來反对祂。他生命中的“酵母”悄悄地秘密地生长，直到它产生“恶毒和邪恶”（哥林多前书5：6-8）。当你与撒但合作时，你付的代價太大了，而犹大最终毁灭了自己（马太福音27：3-5）。撒但是骗子和凶手（约翰福音8:44），在犹大身上複製完美地像牠。
 
Jesus prepared for the Passover (vv. 7–13). The way our Lord arranged for the Passover feast indicates that He knew there were plots afoot. Until the disciples arrived at the Upper Room, only Jesus and Peter and John had known where the feast would be held. Had Judas known, he might have been tempted to inform the authorities.
耶稣为逾越节做准备（第7-13节）。我们的主安排逾越节的方式表明祂已知道有阴谋正在进行。在门徒到达角樓之前，只有耶稣，彼得和约翰知道宴会的举办地点。如果犹大知道，他可能会被诱惑而去通知当局。
 
Peter and John would have no trouble locating the man with the water pitcher, because men rarely carried pitchers of water. This was the task of the women. Like the men who owned the ass and colt (Luke 19:28–34), this anonymous man was a disciple of Jesus who made his house available to the Master for His last Passover.
彼得和约翰可以毫不费力地找到带水壶的人，因为男人很少带水壶。这是妇女的任务。就像那些拥有驴和小马的人一样（路加福音19：28-34），这匿名的人是耶稣的门徒，他將房子提供给他老师，供祂慶祝最后的逾越节使用。
 
Peter and John would purchase an approved lamb and take it to the temple to be slain. Then they would take the lamb and the other elements of the supper to the house where they planned to meet, and there the lamb would be roasted. The table would be furnished with wine, unleavened bread, and the paste of bitter herbs that reminded the Jews of their long and bitter bondage in Egypt (see Ex. 12:1–28).
彼得和约翰可能会买檢驗過的羊羔，带到聖殿去宰杀。然后他们会把羊肉和晚餐的其他食品带到他们預先计划的樓角上，在那里烤羊羔。桌子上摆放着葡萄酒，无酵饼和提醒他们的袓先在埃及长期和痛苦的束缚的苦涩的香草膏（见出埃及记12：1-28）。
 
There is a chronological question here that must be addressed or it will appear that the gospel writers are contradicting each other. According to John 18:28, the Jewish leaders had not yet eaten the Passover, and the day Jesus was tried and condemned was “the preparation of the Passover” (John 19:14). But our Lord and His disciples had already eaten the Passover!
这里有按时序排列的问题必须討論，看起来福音书作者彼此或許有矛盾。根据约翰福音18:28的記載，犹太领袖还没有吃过逾越节，耶稣被审判和被定罪的那天是“逾越节的准备”（约翰福音19:14）。但在這裡我们的主和祂的门徒已经吃过逾越节的筵席！
 
In their excellent Harmony of the Gospels (Harper & Row), Robert Thomas and Stanley Gundry suggest a possible solution to the dilemma (pp.  320–23). The Jews at that time reckoned days in one of two ways: from sunset to sunset or from sunrise to sunrise. The first approach was traditionally Jewish (Gen. 1:5), while the second was Roman, though it had biblical precedent (see Gen. 8:22).
罗伯特·托马斯和斯坦利·亨德在他们出色的福音书（Harper＆Row）中提出了解决衝突的可能方案（320至323頁）。当时的犹太人用两种方式估算天數： 从日落到日落或从日出到日出。前一种方法是犹太人传统上用（创世纪1：5），而後者是罗马人用，它有圣经的先例顯示（见创8:22）。
 
If Matthew, Mark, and Luke used the Jewish reckoning, and John the Roman, then there is no contradiction. There was an “overlapping” of days that permitted both groups to celebrate on the same date but a different day. The temple priests permitted the Jews to bring their lambs for sacrifice either the earlier or the later time. Apparently the Jewish leaders followed the Roman form of reckoning (John 18:28), while Jesus and the disciples followed the Jewish form. Our Lord was crucified on Passover at the time when the lambs were being slain, becoming a fulfillment of Old Testament type.
如果马太，马可和路加使用犹太人的计算方式和约翰使用罗马方法，那么就没有矛盾。有“重叠”的日子，允许两个团体在同一天庆祝，但是不同的一天。聖殿祭司允许犹太人在早些或晚些时候带他们的羔羊來作献祭。显然，犹太领袖遵循罗马的計算天數的方式（约翰福音18:28），而耶稣和门徒则遵循犹太人的傳統方式。在羔羊被杀的时候，我们的主在逾越节被钉在十字架上，旧约的預言实现了。
 
2.  During the Supper: Revelation (22:14–16, 21–38)
2.  晚餐期间：启示（22：14-16, 21-38）
 
The disciples did not know what to expect as they met in the Upper Room, but it turned out to be an evening of painful revelation. Jesus, the Host of the supper, met them with the traditional kiss of peace (He kissed Judas!), and then the men reclined around the table, Judas at our Lord’s left and John at His right (John 13:23).
门徒们不知道他们在角樓上会发生什么，但事实证明这是痛苦的启示之夜。耶稣，逾越節晚餐的主人，用传统的和平之吻（祂亲吻犹大！）来迎接他们，然后那些人围坐在桌子旁边，犹大在我们的主的左边，约翰在祂的右边（约翰福音13:23）。
 
Jesus revealed His love (vv. 14–16). He did this by what He said and by what He did. He told His friends that He had a great desire to share this last Passover with them before He suffered. Passover commemorated the Exodus of Israel from Egypt centuries before, but He would accomplish a greater “exodus” on the cross. He would purchase redemption from sin for a world of lost sinners (Luke 9:31).
耶稣启示了祂的爱（14-16节）。這樣的做是為了兌現祂所说的和祂所做的。耶穌告诉祂的朋友们，祂非常渴望在遭受苦難之前与他们分享最后的逾越节晚餐。數世纪以来，逾越节是用來纪念以色列人出埃及，但祂将在十字架上实现更大的“出埃及记”。祂会以死的代價救贖世上喪失的罪人（路加福音9:31）。
 
Then He arose, girded Himself with a towel, and washed the disciples’ feet, including Judas’ (John 13:1–20). Later that evening, the Twelve would argue over which of them was the greatest, so this lesson on humility and service did not penetrate their hearts. Perhaps Peter had this scene in mind when years later he admonished his readers to “be clothed with humility” (1 Peter 5:5; and see Phil. 2:1–11).
然后耶穌站起来，用毛巾束腰，洗门徒的脚，包括犹大（约翰福音13：1-20）。那天很晚的时候，十二個人在争论誰是最大的，所以关于谦卑服事的这功课,  并没有渗透到他们心中。也许彼得在多年之后记住了这情景，他告诫他的读者要“地穿上谦卑的外袍”（彼得前书5：5;见腓立比书2：1-11）。
 
Our Lord’s words in Luke 22:16 indicate that there would be no more Passover on God’s calendar. The next feast would be the great “kingdom feast” when He would return to establish His rule on earth (Luke 22:28–30; 13:24–30; Matt. 8:11–12). He saw beyond the suffering to the glory, beyond the cross to the crown, and in His love, He reached out to include His friends.
我们的主在路加福音22:16中所说的话,  表明在上帝的历法上, 不再有逾越节。接下来的盛宴将是伟大的“国度盛宴”，那是当祂再來地上建立祂的國度时（路加福音22：28-30; 13：24-30;马太福音8：11-12）。祂看到了超越痛苦的荣耀，超越了十字架得到的冠冕，并且在祂的爱中，祂伸出手来握所有祂的朋友。
 
Jesus revealed the presence of treachery (vv. 21–23). He had already hinted to His disciples that one of their number was not truly with Him (John 6:66–71), but now He openly spoke about a traitor in their midst. However, He did not do this just for the sake of the disciples, but more for the sake of Judas. Jesus had kissed Judas and washed his feet, and now He was giving Judas another opportunity to repent. It is most significant that Jesus did not openly identify Judas as the traitor but protected him until the very end.
耶稣揭露了出賣的事實（第21-23节）。祂已向门徒暗示，他们中間有一人并非真正与祂一體（约翰福音6：66-71），但现在祂公开谈论他们中间的叛徒。然而，祂并不是为了门徒而这样做，却是为了犹大的缘故。耶稣曾亲吻犹大并洗他的脚，现在祂又给犹大再次悔改的机会。最重要的是，耶稣没有公开认定犹大是叛徒，而是一直保护他到最后。
 
If Jesus knew that Judas would betray Him, why did He choose him in the first place? And, if somebody had to betray the Lord, why condemn Judas? After all, he simply did God’s will and fulfilled the Old Testament prophecy (see Ps. 41:9; 55:12–14; compare Ps. 69:25 and 109:8 with Acts 1:15–20).
如果耶稣知道犹大会背叛祂，祂为什么一开始就选择他呢？而且，如果有人不得不背叛主，为什么還要谴责犹大呢？毕竟，祂只是按照上帝的旨意完成了旧约的预言（参见诗篇41：9; 55：12-14;比较诗篇69:25和109：8与使徒行传1：15-20）。
 
Before He chose His twelve apostles, Jesus spent a whole night in prayer (Luke 6:12–16), so we must believe that it was the Father’s will that Judas be among them (John 8:29). But the selection of Judas did not seal his fate; rather, it gave him opportunity to watch the Lord Jesus closely, believe, and be saved. God in His sovereignty had determined that His Son would be betrayed by a friend, but divine foreknowledge does not destroy human responsibility or accountability. Judas made each decision freely and would be judged accordingly, even though he still fulfilled the decree of God (Acts 2:23).
在耶稣选择十二使徒之前，祂祷告了整整一夜（路加福音6：12-16），所以我们必须相信这是天父的旨意要犹大在其中（约翰福音8:29）。但选择犹大并没有決定他的命运;  相反，它给了他机会密切观察主耶稣，相信祂可以得救。上帝的主权决定祂的儿子会被朋友出卖，但神圣的预知不会破坏人的责任或信實。即使猶大仍然履行了上帝的命令, 犹大自由地做出了每一项决定，他也会照他作出相应的得到應該的審判（使徒行传2:23）。
The fact that the disciples were puzzled by this strange announcement reveals that they did not know Judas’ true character, their own hearts (“Which of us could do such a terrible thing?”), or the prophecies in the psalms. Nor did they remember the Lord’s statements that He would be betrayed into the hands of the enemy (Matt. 17:22; 20:18). If Peter had fully understood what was happening, he might have used his sword on Judas!
门徒被这奇怪的宣告困惑的這事实，說明他们不知道犹大的真实性格，或他们自己的心（“我们中哪一个會做出这样可怕的事？”）或诗篇中的预言。他们也忘记主的話，说祂会被出卖到敌人的手里（太17:22; 20:18）。若彼得完全明白要发生了什么事情，他可能会用他的剑殺犹大！                                                                                                              

Much about Judas remains a mystery to us, and we must not speculate too much. Judas is certainly a witness to the sinlessness of Jesus Christ, for if anybody could have given witness against Him, it was Judas. However, the authorities had to find false witnesses in order to build their case against Jesus. Judas admitted that he had “betrayed innocent blood” (Matt. 27:4).
关于犹大的问题对我们来说仍然是个谜，我们绝不能揣测太多。犹大无疑是耶稣基督无罪的见证人，因为如果任何人能够证明祂是对的，那就是犹大。但是，当局必须找到虚假的证人才能建立起控告耶稣的案件。犹大承认他“出賣了无辜的血”（太27：4）。
At this point, Judas left the Upper Room to go to the religious leaders and get ready for the arrest of Jesus in the garden. Judas went out “and it was night” (John 13:30), for he was obeying the prince of darkness (Luke 22:53). Alas, for Judas, it is still night and always will be night!
此时，犹大离开了角樓去找宗教领袖，准备在花园里逮捕耶稣。犹大出去了“是晚上” （约翰福音13:30）因为他服从黑暗之君（路加福音22:53）。唉，对于犹大来说，那仍然是夜晚，而且永遠是晚上！
 
Jesus revealed the disciples’ worldliness (vv. 24–30). This was not the first time the disciples had committed this sin (Matt. 20:20–28; Mark 9:33–37; Luke 9:46–48), but in the light of what their Lord had said and done that evening, this latest exhibition was inexcusable. Perhaps the argument grew out of their speculating over who would betray Him, or there may have been some jealousy over the way they had been seated at the table. When you are interested in promoting yourself, it doesn’t take much to start an argument.
耶稣启示门徒的屬世的想法（24-30节）。这不是门徒首次犯这罪（马太福音20：20-28;马可福音9：33-37;路加福音9：46-48），但是根据他们的主在当晚所说的和所做的事情，这最後一次的犯罪是不可原谅。也许是因为他们猜测谁会背叛祂，或者嫉妒誰坐在桌上的的位置。当你有兴趣要提升自己时，争论是必然的。

Jesus had to explain that they were thinking like the unsaved Gentiles and not like God’s children. The Romans in particular vied for honors and did all they could, legally and illegally, to win promotion and recognition, but they are not the examples for us to follow. As in all things, Jesus is our example, and He has completely reversed the measure of true greatness.
耶稣必須說明,  他们的思考像未得救的外邦人一样，不像上帝的儿女。特别是罗马人為争夺荣誉，不擇手段，合法地和非法地赢得晋升和认可，但這不是我们要遵循的榜樣。正如所有事的顯示，耶稣才是我们的榜样，祂訂定的标准, 完全否定了屬世的真正伟大。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   True greatness means to be like Jesus, and that means being a servant to others. A servant does not argue over who is the greatest, because he knows that he is the least, and he accepts this from the hand of God. Since all Christians are to be servants, there is no reason for us to compete with one another for honors and recognition. It is too bad that this competitive spirit is so strong in the church today as people promote themselves and their ministries as “the greatest.”                          真正的伟大是要像耶稣一样，是要成为别人的仆人。仆人是不會争论谁是最大，因为他知道他是最不重要的，他从上帝的手中接受了这工作。既然所有的基督徒都是仆人，我们就没有理由相互竞争來获得荣誉和他人的认可。今天教会中竞争的事如此强烈，以至于人把自己和他们的事工宣传为“最伟大的事”，这太糟糕了。

Jesus closed this lesson on servanthood by reminding them of their future reward in the kingdom (Luke 22:28–30). In spite of their weaknesses and failures, the disciples had stood by Jesus during His earthly ministry, and God would honor them for their faithfulness. We should not mind being servants today, for we shall sit on thrones in the future kingdom! For that matter, our faithful service today is preparing us for the rewards we shall receive. Jesus has set the example: first the cross, then the crown.
耶稣使用将来在国度中得到的报酬來提醒他们，並结束了有关仆人的这功课（路加福音22：28-30）。尽管他们有弱点和會失败，门徒依賴耶稣在地上作祂的事工，上帝肯定会尊重他们的忠心。今天应该不介意做仆人，因为我们將坐在祂未来的国度的宝座上！因此之故,  今天的忠心事奉,  正是做好准备为我们将來获得賞賜。耶稣树立了榜样：首先是十字架，然后才是冠冕。
 
Jesus revealed Peter’s denial (vv. 31–38). It is interesting that this word of warning followed the dispute over who was the greatest! Imagine how the disciples must have felt when they heard that not only would one of their number betray Him, but that their spokesman and leader would publicly deny Him! If a strong man like Peter was going to fail the Lord, what hope was there for the rest of them?
耶稣揭示彼得的不认祂（第31-38节）。有趣的是，这警告的话緊跟着争论谁為大的後面！試想想，当门徒们听到他们中不仅僅有人背叛祂，而且他们的发言和领导人還会公开的不认祂时，就一定会非常困惑！如果像彼得这样的堅强的人還會羞辱主，那麼对其餘的人還有什么希望呢？
 
The word you in Luke 22:31 is plural; Satan asked to have all the disciples so he might sift them like wheat. These men had been with Jesus in His trials (Luke 22:28), and He would not forsake them in their trials. This was both a warning and an encouragement to Peter and the other men, and our Lord’s prayers were answered. Peter’s courage failed but not his faith; he was restored to fellowship with Christ and was greatly used to strengthen God’s people.
在路加福音22:31中所寫的 “門徒”是复数; 撒但所要求的是所有的门徒，所以牠可以像篩小麦一样筛选他们。門徒在审判中与耶稣在一起（路加福音22:28），并且祂不会在审判中抛弃他们。这既是对彼得和其他門徒的警告和鼓励，也是對我们主的祈祷得到了应驗。彼得只是軟弱，但他的信心却堅定;  當他恢复了与基督的交通後，他就要再次被使用來堅定加强上帝的子民。
 
Peter’s self-confident boasting is a warning to us that none of us really knows his own heart (Jer. 17:9) and that we can fail in the point of our greatest strength. Abraham’s greatest strength was his faith, and yet his faith failed him when he went down to Egypt and lied about Sarah (Gen. 12:10—13:4). Moses’ strength was in his meekness (Num. 12:3), yet he lost his temper, spoke rashly with his lips, and was not allowed to enter Canaan (Num. 20). Peter was a brave man, but his courage failed him and he denied his Lord three times. “Therefore let him who thinks he stands take heed lest he fall” (1 Cor. 10:12 nkjv).
彼得的自信誇大是對我们的警告，沒有人真正了解自己的心（耶利米书17：9），并且在我们最大的能力上也會有時失败。亚伯拉罕的信心是他最大的能力，但当他下到埃及,  為自己的安全對撒拉的身份而撒谎时，他的信心就軟弱了（创世记12：10-13：4）。摩西的能力在于他的温柔（民数记12：3），但他发脾气，說轻率的话，就不溫柔了,  上帝不允许他进入迦南（民数记20）。彼得是勇敢的人，但他在勇气上軟弱,  使他失败了，他三次不认他的主。 “所以，自己以為站得穩的,  要谨慎，以免跌倒”（哥林多前书10:12 新欽定版）。                                                 

The word converted in Luke 22:32 means “turned around.” Peter was already a saved man, but he would soon start going in the wrong direction and would have to be turned around. He would not lose the gift of eternal life, but he would disobey the Lord and jeopardize his discipleship. Actually, all of the disciples would forsake Jesus, but Peter would also deny Him. It is a humbling lesson for all of us.
在路加福音22:32中所说 “转过身来” 是悔改。彼得已经是得救的人，但他很快的开始朝错误的方向前进，所以需要立刻悔改。他不会失去永生的恩赐，但他会否認主，并损害他的门徒身份。实际上，所有的门徒都会離弃耶稣，但彼得也会離開祂。对我们所有人来说,  都是羞辱的教训。
 
Our Lord’s counsel in Luke 22:35–38 was not fully understood by the disciples, because they interpreted what He said quite literally. Peter’s use of the sword in the garden is evidence of this (Luke 22:49–51). The point He was making was this: “You are now moving into a whole new situation. If they arrest Me, they will one day arrest you. If they treat Me like a common criminal (Isa. 53:12), they will do the same to you; so, be prepared!”
门徒并没有完全理解我们的主在路加福音22：35-38中所說的忠告，因为他们完全按照字面意思來解释祂所说的话。彼得在客西馬尼园中使用剑就是明证（路加福音22：49-51）。祂要提出的观点是：“你們现正在全新的境況中。如果他们逮捕我，有一天也会逮捕你們。如果他们像对待普通罪犯似的對待我（以赛亚书53:12），也会这样對对你們; 所以，做好准备！“
 
During their ministry with Jesus, the disciples had been sent out with special authority, and they were treated with respect and appreciation (Luke 9:1ff.; 10:1ff.). At that time, Jesus was still a very popular rabbi, and the authorities were not able to attack His disciples. But now “his hour had come” and the situation would change radically. Today, God’s people are aliens in enemy territory, and we must use our faith and sanctified common sense as we serve the Lord. This is a good warning to zealous people who foolishly get themselves into tight spots and then expect God to perform miracles for them. The apostle Paul knew how to use the “sword” of human government to protect him and the gospel (Acts 16:35–40; 21:37–40; 25:11; Rom. 13).
在与耶稣一起传道期间，门徒在被派出時,  祂賜給特别的权柄，他们受到了尊重和禮遇（路加福音9：1對照比較; 10：1對照比較）。那时，耶稣仍然是非常受欢迎的拉比，当局无法攻击祂的门徒。但现在“祂的时刻到了”，情况发生根本变化。今天，上帝的子民是在敌人领土上的移民，在我们为主服务时，我们必须运用我们的信心和圣洁的常识。对于那些愚蠢地让自己陷入困境的人,  然后期望上帝为他们行神迹的热心人来说，这是很好的警告。使徒保罗知道如何使用人的政府的“剑”(公民權)来保护他和福音（使徒行传16：35-40; 21：37-40; 25:11;罗马书13章）。
 
Their words, “Here are two swords!” must have grieved the Lord, for they indicated that the disciples had missed the meaning of His words. Did they think that He needed their protection or that He would now overthrow Rome and establish the kingdom? “It is enough!” means “Don’t say anything more about the matter” (Deut. 3:26). His kingdom does not advance by means of men’s swords (John 18:36–37) but by the power of God’s truth, the Word of God that is sharper than any human sword (Eph. 6:17; Heb. 4:12).
他们的话，“这里有两把剑！”一定使主感到悲伤，因为這表示门徒會错了耶穌话的含义。是否他们认为耶穌需要他们的保护，或者祂现在会推翻罗马并建立国度？ “这就足够了！”意思是“不要再提这件事”（申命记3:26）。祂的国度不需借着人的刀剑去建立（约翰福音18：36-37），而是借着上帝真理的能力，上帝之道比任何人类剑更尖锐（以弗所书6:17;希伯来书4:12） 。
 
3.   After the Supper: Commemoration (22:17–20)
3.    逾越節晚餐后：纪念（22：17-20）
 
It was when the Passover meal was drawing to a close (Matt. 26:25; Luke 22:20) that Jesus instituted the ordinance that the church calls “the Communion” (1 Cor. 10:16), or “the Lord’s Supper” (1 Cor. 11:20), or “the Eucharist,” from the Greek word that means “to give thanks.”
当逾越节的晚餐即将结束时（马太福音26:25;路加福音22:20），耶稣制定了教会称之为“圣餐”（林前10:16）或“主的晚餐”的条例。 “（哥林多前书11:20），或  “圣体圣事”，這希腊语的意思是 “表示感谢”。
 
The Passover feast opened with a prayer of thanksgiving, followed by the drinking of the first of four cups of wine. (The wine was diluted with water and was not intoxicating.)
逾越节的盛宴以感恩的祈祷开始，然后喝四杯葡萄酒中的第一杯。 （葡萄酒用水稀释，不會使人醉。）
 
Next they ate the bitter herbs and sang Psalms 113—114. Then they drank the second cup of wine and began eating the lamb and the unleavened bread. After drinking the third cup of wine, they sang Psalms 115—118, and then the fourth cup was passed among them. It is likely that it was this fourth cups of wine, Jesus instituted the Supper.
接下来他们吃了苦涩的草药，并唱诗篇113-114。然后他们喝了第二杯酒，开始吃羊肉和无酵饼。在喝第三杯葡萄酒后，他们唱了诗篇115-118，然后喝第四杯時,  杯在他们中间传递。可能是在第四杯葡萄酒時，耶稣设立了晚餐。
 
Paul gave the order of the Supper in 1 Corinthians 11:23–26. First, Jesus broke a piece from the unleavened loaf, gave thanks, and shared it with the disciples, saying that it represented His body, which was given for them. He then gave thanks for the cup and shared it, saying that it represented His blood. It was a simple observance that used the basic elements of a humble Jewish meal. Jesus sanctified the simple things of life and used them to convey profound spiritual truths.
保罗在哥林多前书11：23-26訂定了聖餐的規矩。首先，耶稣撥開无酵饼，禱告感谢，并与祂的门徒分享，说它代表了祂的身体，这是為他们捨的。然后祂拿起杯來禱告感谢和分享其中的葡萄酒，说它代表祂的血。这是简单的守節日，使用了简陋的犹太餐的基本要素。耶稣使生活中的简单事物成圣，并用它们来传达深刻的属灵真理。
 
Jesus stated one of the purposes for the Supper: “in remembrance of me” (1 Cor. 11:24–25). It is a memorial feast to remind the believer that Jesus Christ gave His body and blood for the redemption of the world. There is no suggestion in the accounts of the Supper that anything “miraculous” took place when Jesus blessed the bread and the cup. The bread remained bread and the wine remained wine, and the physical act of receiving the elements did not do anything special to the eleven disciples. When we partake, we identify ourselves with His body and blood (1 Cor. 10:16), but there is no suggestion here that we receive His body and blood.
耶稣述说聖餐的目的之一：“為的是纪念我”（哥林多前书11：24-25）。这是纪念盛宴，提醒信徒,  耶稣基督为救赎他們而献出了祂的身体和血。在聖餐的陳述中没有任何暗示, 当耶稣祝福餅和杯的时侯沒有发生任何“奇迹”的事。餅仍是餅，葡萄酒仍然是葡萄酒，接受这些餅和杯時,  对這十二位门徒没有任何特殊的作用。当我们分享它們时，我们與祂的身体和血认同（哥林多前书10:16），但没有暗示我们接受祂的身体和血。
 
A second purpose for the supper is the proclaiming of His death until He returns (1 Cor. 11:26). The Supper encourages us to look back with love and adoration to what He did for us on the cross and to look forward with hope and anticipation to His coming again. Since we must be careful not to come to the Lord’s table with known sin in our lives, the Supper should also be an occasion for looking within, examining our hearts, and confessing our sins (1 Cor. 11:27–32).
聖餐的第二个目的是宣告耶穌的死，直到祂的再来（哥林多前书11:26）。聖餐鼓励我们以爱和崇拜來回顾祂在十字架上为我们所做的一切事，且希望和仰望期待着祂的再来。因此必须小心我们带着生活中已知的罪来到主的聖餐桌前，聖餐也应该是檢視我们裡面，审视我们內心，是认罪的机会（哥林多前书11：27-32）。
 
A third blessing from the Supper is the reminder of the unity of the church: we are “one loaf’ (1 Cor. 10:17). It is “the Lord’s Supper” and is not the exclusive property of any Christian denomination. Whenever we share in the Supper, we are identifying with Christians everywhere and are reminded of our obligation to “keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace” (Eph.  4:3).
聖餐的第三个祝福是提醒教会的统一：我们是“一體”（哥林多前书10:17）。是“主的聖餐”，并不是任何基督教派专有的。每当我们享用聖餐时，都在与各地的基督徒认同，并提醒我们“有义务保持在主裡的和平和统一”（以弗所书4：3）。
 
For us to receive a spiritual blessing from the Supper, it takes more than mere physical participation. We must also be able to “discern the body” (1 Cor. 11:29), that is, see the spiritual truths that are inherent in the bread and the cup. This spiritual discernment comes through the Spirit using the Word. The Holy Spirit makes all of this real to us as we wait before the Lord at the table.
为了让我们从晚餐中获得精神上的祝福，它不仅仅是身体上的参与。我们也必须能够“辨别身体”（哥林多前书11:29），也就是说，看到餅和杯含有的属灵真理。这种属灵的辨别力来自使用圣经的圣灵。当我们在主面前等候时，圣灵使这一切成为现实。
 
Following the instituting of the Supper, Jesus taught His disciples many of the basic truths they desperately needed to know in order to have effective ministries in a hostile world (John 14—16). He prayed for His disciples (John 17); then they sang a hymn and departed from the Upper Room for the garden of Gethsemane. Judas knew they would go there and he would have the arresting officers all prepared.
在追隨聖餐之條例后，耶稣教导祂的门徒许多他们迫切需要知道的基本真理，為要在充满敌意的世界中,  事工有效的進行（约翰福音14-16）。耶穌为他的门徒祷告（约翰福音17章）; 然后他们唱了一首赞美诗，离开了角樓，去了客西马尼园。犹大知道他们会去那里，他会让逮捕的官员都准备好了。
 
As you review this passage, you cannot help but be impressed with the calmness and courage of the Savior. It is He who is in control, not Satan or Judas or the Sanhedrin. It is
He who encourages the apostles! And He is able even to sing a hymn before He goes out to die on a cross! Isaac Watts has best expressed what our response should be:
当你回顾这段经文时，你會不禁的对救主的平静和勇气的崇敬。是祂仍然撐權，而不是撒旦或犹大或公会。鼓励使徒的是耶穌！在祂出去要死在十字架上之前，祂甚至可以唱赞美诗！以撒 . 瓦特( Isaac Watts)最能表达我们的回应：
 
Love so amazing, so divine, Demands my soul, my life, my all.
爱這樣的奇妙，如此的神圣，需要我的灵魂，我的生命，我的全部。