894 英翻中 (594) Have a Mercy on me, Oh, Lord! 憐憫孩子. 11／2／2
3. Jesus Christ
Reveals a
Every Old Testament high priest had to minister to people who were “ignorant, and… out of the way [wayward]” (Heb. 5:2). God made no provision but judgment for high-handed sins of rebellion (see Ex. 21:12–14; Num. 15:27–31). But He did make provision when people sinned through ignorance or weakness. An Old Testament priest could identify with the sinners, since he himself was a sinner. In fact, on the day of Atonement, the high priest had to offer a sacrifice for himself before he could offer one for the nation (Lev. 16; Heb. 9:7)! 任何一位舊約大祭司都必須服事那些“無知，並且……偏僻 ‘任性’ 的人”（來5:2）。上帝只對反叛的高壓罪作出審判，沒有預備其他的審判（見 出 21：12-14；民 15：27-31）。但當人們因無知或軟弱而犯罪時，祂確實作了準備。舊約的祭司可以認同罪人，因為他自己就是罪人。事實上，在贖罪日，大祭司必須先為自己的罪獻祭，然後才能為國家獻祭（利未記 16；希伯來書 9:7）！
You would think that one sinner would have compassion for another sinner, but this is not always the case. Sin makes a person selfish. Sin can blind us to the hurts of others. Sin can harden our hearts and make us judgmental instead of sympathetic. Remember how heartbroken Hannah, who was praying for a son, was accused by high priest Eli of being drunk (1 Sam. 1:9–18)? And when King David was confronted with a story of a rich man’s sin, he had no sympathy for him, even though David himself was a worse sinner (2 Sam. 12). 你會想一個罪人會同情另一個罪人，但情況並非總是如此。罪使人變得自私。罪會使我們看不到別人的傷害。罪可以使我們的心剛硬，使我們只是判斷，而不是同情。還記得正在為兒子祈禱傷心欲絕的哈拿嗎? 大祭司以利指控她喝醉了（撒母耳記上 1:9-18）？當大衛王面對一位富人犯罪時，大衛對他毫無同情心，儘管大衛本人是更嚴重的罪人（撒母耳記下 12章）。
No, it is the spiritually minded person with a clean heart who sympathizes with a sinner and seeks to help him (see Gal. 6:1). Because we are so sinful, we have a hard time helping other sinners, but because Jesus is perfect, He is able to meet our needs after we sin. 不，是有屬靈心志和純潔的人會同情其他的罪人，並去幫助他（見 加拉太書 6:1）。因為我們罪孽深重，很難幫助其他罪人，但因為耶穌是完美的，祂能夠在我們犯罪後，滿足我們的需求。
Our
Lord was prepared for His high priestly ministry during His days of ministry on
earth (Heb. 5:7–8). The phrase “to the days of his flesh” means “In the days
when He was on earth in a human body.” From birth to death, our Lord
experienced the sinless infirmities of human nature. He knew what it was to grow
and mature (Luke
How could the Son of God “learn obedience”? In the same way any son must learn obedience: by the experiences of life. We must remember that our Lord, in His earthly walk, lived by faith in the Father’s will. As God, He needed to learn nothing. But as the Son of God come in human flesh He had to experience that which His people would experience, so that He might be able to minister as their High Priest. He did not need to learn how to obey because it would be impossible for God to be disobedient. Rather, as the God-Man in human flesh, He had to learn what was involved in obedience. In this way, He identified with us. 上帝的兒子怎麼能“學會順服”呢？ 不管怎樣，任何兒子都必須學習順服：通過生活的經驗。必須記住我們的主在地上行事為人時，是憑著對天父旨意順服的信心而生活的。作為上帝，祂不需要學習任何東西。但是，當上帝的兒子道成肉身時，祂必須經歷祂的子民需要經歷的一切，這樣祂才能作為他們的大祭司來服事。祂不需要學習如何順服，因為上帝不可能不順服。相反，成為道成肉身的上帝，祂必須學習順服所需求所包含的一切。就這樣，祂與我們認同了。
This
preparation involved the experience of death. The writer of Hebrews (5:7)
focused on our Lord’s experience in the
In His Gethsemane prayer, our Lord did not oppose the Father, but prayed, “Not my will, but thine, be done” (Luke 22:42). He was not praying to be spared from death, but to be saved out of death. He was praying for resurrection from the dead, and God answered that prayer. He had prophesied His own death and had made it clear that He was laying down His life of His own free will. This ties in with the quotation from Psalm 2:7, cited in Hebrews 5:5, that promised His resurrection from the dead. 在客西馬尼園的禱告中，我們的主並沒有不順服天父，而是禱告說，“不要成就我的意思，只要成就你的意思”（路加福音 2:42）。祂不是祈求免於死亡，而是祈求從死亡裡脫離。是祈禱從死裡復活，上帝回應了那個祈禱。祂預言了自己的死亡，並明確表示祂是在按照自己的自由意志捨棄自己的生命。這與希伯來書 5章5節 中引用的詩篇 2篇7節 的引文有關，該引用經文應許祂從死裡復活。
The writer of Hebrews states that Jesus’ prayer “was heard” (Heb. 5:7), that is, answered by the Father. Since He did die on the cross, this could not have been what He was praying about; for if the Father had answered, the Son would not have been crucified. He did not pray to be saved from death, but out of death, and God answered His prayer by raising Him from the dead. 希伯來書的作者說耶穌的禱告“已蒙垂聽”（希伯來書 5:7），也就是說，天父應允了。既然主確實死在十字架上，這不可能是祂禱告的內容；因為如果天父回答了，子就不會釘在十字架上。祂不是祈求免除死亡，而是祈求脫離死亡，上帝藉由祂從死裡復活來回應祂的祈求。
No one
else ever died the kind of death that Jesus died. He
was made sin for us (2 Cor.
No matter what trials we meet, Jesus Christ is able to understand our needs and help us. We need never doubt His ability to sympathize and strengthen. It is also worth noting that sometimes God puts us through difficulties that we might better understand the needs of others, and become able to encourage them (see 2 Cor. 1:8ff.). 無論我們遇到什麼考驗，耶穌基督都能了解我們的需要，並幫助我們。永遠不需要懷疑祂對我們的同情和鼓勵。還有值得注意的是，有時上帝會讓我們經歷困難，以便我們可以更好地了解別人的需要，並能夠鼓勵別人（見 哥林多後書 1:8 比照研讀）。
When Charles Haddon Spurgeon was a young preacher in
After one particularly scurrilous report in the press, Spurgeon fell before the Lord and prayed, “O Lord Jesus, Thou didst make Thyself of no reputation for me. I willingly lay my reputation down for Thy sake.” From that time on, Spurgeon had peace in his heart. He knew that his Great High Priest understood his need and would give him the grace that he needed for each hour. Jesus Christ Offered a Superior Sacrifice (5:3, 9–10) This topic has already been touched on, and the writer of Hebrews discussed it in detail in Hebrews 9—10. Two important matters are involved. 在媒體上發表一篇特別粗俗的報導之後，司布真俯伏在主面前禱告說，“哦，主耶穌，你讓我沒有名譽。我願意為你的緣故放下我的名聲。”從那時起，司布真心中有平安。他知道我們的大祭司了解他的需要，並且每個小時都會給他所需的恩典。耶穌基督獻上至高的犧牲（希伯來書 5:3, 9-10）， 這個話題已經被觸及，作者在他寫的希伯來書 9-10等章中有詳細討論。涉及到兩個重要的問題。
The first is that Jesus Christ did not need to offer any sacrifices for Himself. On the annual day of Atonement, the high priest first had to sacrifice for himself; and then he could offer the sacrifices for his nation (Lev. 16). Since Jesus is the sinless Son of God, there was no need for Him to sacrifice for Himself. He was in perfect fellowship with the Father and needed no cleansing. 首先是耶穌基督不需要為自己獻祭。在一年一度的贖罪日，大祭司首先要為自己獻祭；然後他可以為他的國家獻祭（利未記 16章）。既然耶穌是上帝的兒子，祂肯定無罪，沒有必要為自己獻祭。祂與天父完美相交，不需要潔淨。
The second matter is that our Lord’s sacrifice was once and for all, whereas the Old Testament sacrifices had to be repeated. Furthermore, those sacrifices could only cover sins; they could never cleanse sins. It required the sacrifice of the spotless Lamb of God for sin to be cleansed and removed. 第二件事是我們主的獻祭是一勞永逸的，而舊約的獻祭必須重複。再者，這些祭物只能遮罪；他們永遠無法洗淨罪孽。人的罪需要上帝無瑕的羔羊獻祭，才能潔淨和除去。
Because He is the sinless, eternal Son of God, and because He offered a perfect sacrifice, Jesus Christ is the “author of eternal salvation” (Heb. 5:9). No Old Testament priest could offer eternal salvation to anyone, but that is exactly what we have in Jesus Christ. The phrase “being made perfect” does not suggest that Jesus was imperfect! The word means “made complete”; we described it in our study of Hebrews 2:10. By means of His earthly sufferings, Jesus Christ was equipped for His heavenly ministry as our High Priest. He is able to save, keep, and strengthen His people. 因為他是上帝永恆的兒子，祂無罪，並且因為祂提供了完美的犧牲，耶穌基督是“永恆救恩的創始者”（希伯來書 5:9）。沒有舊約的任何祭司可以為人提供永恆的救恩，但這正是我們在耶穌基督裡所擁有的大能。 “成為完美”這句話並不是說耶穌是不完美的！它的意思是“完成了”；我們在希伯來書 2章10節中已經描述了它。耶穌基督藉由祂在地上的苦難，為我們的大祭司在天上的職事裝備祂。 能夠拯救、保守和加強祂的子民。
Does
the phrase “them that obey him” (Heb. 5:9) suggest that, if we do not obey Him,
we may lose that eternal salvation? To “obey God” is the same as “to trust
God,” as “them that obey him” is a description of those who have put their
faith in Jesus Christ. “A great com[1]pany
of the priests were obedient to the faith” (Acts 6:7). “But they have not all
obeyed the gospel” (Rom.
It is difficult to resist the four arguments presented in this section. We must conclude with the writer that Jesus Christ the great High Priest is superior to Aaron. It would be foolish for anyone to return to the inferiorities of the old law when he could enjoy the superiorities of Jesus Christ. Then why were these Hebrew believers tempted to go back into legalism? Because they were not going on to maturity in Christ! For this reason the writer paused to exhort them to grow up in the Lord, and that is the theme for our next chapter. 很難抗拒本節中提出的四個論點。我們必須與作者得出同樣的結論，大祭司耶穌基督超越亞倫。任何人在可以享受耶穌基督的優越性的大祭司下，再回到舊的律法低級的祭司下是愚蠢的。那麼，為什麼這些希伯來信徒想要回到律法主義去呢？ 因為他們沒有在基督裡成熟！為此，作者停下來勸勉他們在主里長大，這就是我們下一章的主題。
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