905 英翻中 (605) THE BETTER COVENANT. 更美的約. 11/8/2024
CHAPTER SEVEN THE BETTER COVENANT Hebrews 8 第七課 更美的約 希伯來書 8
I once spoke at a meeting of religious broadcasters at which a friend of mine was to provide the ministry of music. He is a superb pianist with a gift for interpreting Christian music, and I have always enjoyed listening to him. But that day my heart went out to him in sympathy, because the motel had given the most deteriorated and derelict piano I have ever seen. It must have been donated by a local wrecking company. My friend did his best, but it would have been much better had he been playing a decent instrument. 有一次我在宗教廣播員的會議上發言，我的朋友將提供音樂事工。他是出色的鋼琴家，具有詮釋基督教音樂的天賦，我一直很喜歡聽他演奏。 但是我的心那天為那鋼琴向他表示同情，因為汽車旅館提供的鋼琴，是我見過的最破舊和廢棄的。它一定是當地一家收破舊物品公司捐贈的。我的朋友盡了最大的努力，但如果鋼琴好一些，他會演奏得更出色。
Jesus Christ is God’s superior Priest, but is there anything that can minimize this superiority? Nothing! For He ministers on the basis of a better covenant (Heb. 8), in a better sanctuary (Heb. 9), and because of a better sacrifice (Heb. 10). It is the better covenant that is the theme of this chapter. The writer presented three evidences for the superiority of this covenant. 耶穌基督是上帝至高無上的超越的祭司，但有什麼可以減少這種超越嗎？ 沒有！因為祂事奉是基於更美的約（希伯來書 8），在更美的聖所（希伯來書 9），也因為更好的獻祭（希伯來書 10）。更美之約是本章的主題。作者提出了三個證據來證明這個盟約的超越性。
1. It Is Ministered by a
Was the writer arguing in circles? First he showed the superiority of Christ, and then said, “Since He is superior, the covenant He ministers must be a superior covenant.” No, this is not reasoning in a circle, for the conclusion is logical. A superior priest could never minister on the basis of an inferior covenant. To change the illustration, the most gifted lawyer can do very little if the will he is probating is inadequate. It is unthinkable that our Lord would minister on the basis of an inferior “last will and testament.” 作者是在逗圈子似的爭論嗎？他先顯出基督的優越性，然後說，“祂既是優越的，則祂所立的約必是優越的約。”不，這不是逗圈子似的推理，因為結論是合乎邏輯的。超越的祭司永遠不能根據低級的聖約來服事。換個例子，如果遺囑認證不充分，最有天賦的律師也無能為力。無法想像我們的主會根據低級次等的“最後的意願和遺囑”來服事。
“This is the sum” simply means “This is the main point and the climax of my discussion.” He then presented several “summary arguments” to prove that our Lord is indeed a superior High Priest. 這就是總和”的意思是“這是我討論的重點和高潮。”然後他提出了幾個“總結性論點”，以證明我們的主確實是位超越的大祭司。
His
moral adequacy (v. 1). “We have such an High Priest” [italics mine]. This
statement refers us back to Hebrews 7:22–28. “For such an high priest became us
[was suited to us]” (Heb.
His
finished work (v. 1). Today our Lord is seated because His work is completed.
There were no chairs in the Old Testament tabernacle because the work of the
priests was never finished. Each repeated sacrifice was only a reminder that
none of the sacrifices ever provided a finished salvation. The blood of animals
did not wash away sin or cleanse the guilty conscience; it only covered sin
until that day when Jesus Christ died to take away the sin of the world (John
His
enthronement (v. 1). Jesus Christ is not just “seated.” It is where He is
seated that adds glory to His person and His work. He is seated on the throne
in heaven at the right hand of the Father. This great truth was introduced
early in this epistle (Heb. 1:3), and it will be mentioned again (Heb.
His
supreme exaltation (vv. 1–2). He is “in the heavens.” Jesus Christ, in His
ascension and exaltation, “passed through the heavens” (Heb.
As we
review these four “summary arguments,” we can see how logical it is that our
Lord ministers on the basis of a superior covenant. Can you conceive of a high
priest who is perfect morally, ministering on the basis of a covenant that
could not change human hearts? Could a priest who has finished his work minister
from a covenant that could finish nothing? Can we conceive of a king-priest in
the highest heaven being limited by an old covenant that made nothing perfect
(Heb.
2. It Is Ministered in a
In this
paragraph, the writer expanded on the marvelous truth that Jesus Christ today
ministers in the heavenly sanctuary. The reason for this discussion is not
difficult to determine. His readers knew that there was a real temple in
Good questions—and there are good answers! 是好問題，有好答案！
The
logical answer (v. 3). It has already been determined that Jesus Christ is a
High Priest. But all high priests serve others; the title is not honorary. Each
Old Testament high priest was appointed “to offer gifts and sacrifices”;
therefore, Jesus Christ must offer gifts and sacrifices (see Heb. 5:1;
We must
not, however, get the impression that our Lord is offering sacrifices in heaven
that correspond to the Old Testament sacrifices. The word somewhat in Hebrews
8:3 is in the singular, and the phrase “to offer” is in a Greek tense that
implies “offer once and for all.” On the cross, He offered Himself as the one
sacrifice for sin forever (Heb.
The
genealogical answer (v. 4). We have met this truth before in Hebrews 7:11–14.
As far as His human ancestry is concerned, our Lord came from the tribe of
Again, the argument is sound. David predicted that Jesus Christ would be a Priest (Ps. 110:4). Jesus’ earthly birth into the tribe of Judah would not permit Him to be an earthly priest; therefore, He must be a Priest in heaven. He would not be accepted in the earthly sanctuary, so He must be serving in the heavenly sanctuary. 再次，這個論點是合理的。大衛預言耶穌基督將成為祭司（詩篇 110:4）。耶穌在地上出生在猶大支派中，不允許他成為地上的祭司；因此，祂必須是天上的祭司。耶穌基督不會為地上的聖所接納，所以祂必須在天上的聖所中事奉。
The typological answer (v. 5). A “type” is an Old Testament picture of a New Testament truth. Each type is identified as such in the New Testament, so we must not try to make every Old Testament person or event into a type. The word pattern in this verse is the Greek word tupos, from which we get our English word “type.” 類型學的答案（第 5 節）。”是舊約中新約真理的圖畫。每種預表在新約中都是這樣確定的，所以我們不能試圖把舊約中的每一個人物或事件都變成一個預表。這節經文中的模式這個詞是希臘詞“預表(tupos)”，英語“type”是從預表(tupos)這個詞演變得出的。
The priests then serving in the temple were actually serving in a sanctuary that was a copy (“example”) of the heavenly sanctuary. The quotation is from Exodus 25:40, where it refers obliquely to a heavenly sanctuary. Moses saw this pattern on the mount and duplicated its essentials in the earthly tabernacle. This does not mean that the heavenly tabernacle is made up of skins and fabrics. It is the basic pattern and meaning of the sanctuary that is emphasized here. The true sanctuary is in heaven; the tabernacle and temple were but imitations or copies of the true. 那時在聖殿中事奉的祭司，實際上是在聖所中服務，該聖所是天上聖所的複製品（“樣式”）。這節引文出自出埃及記 25章40節，在那裡它間接指天上的聖所。摩西在山上看到了這種模式，並在地上的帳幕中復制了它的基本要素。這並不是說天上的帳幕是由皮和織物構成的。這裡強調的是聖所的基本格局和意義。真正的聖所是在天上；帳幕和聖殿只是天上真實聖所的模仿或複製品。
This is a telling argument for remaining faithful to Jesus Christ and not going back into Judaism. The earthly priesthood and sanctuary seemed quite real and stable, and yet they were but copies of the true! The Old Testament system was but shadows (see Col. 2:17). The law was but a “shadow of good things to come” (Heb. 10:1); the true and full light came in Jesus Christ. So why go back into the shadows? 這是對耶穌基督的忠誠，而不是回到猶太教法師的有力論據。塵世的祭司和聖所看起來很真和穩定，但它們只是真實的複製品！舊約體係不過是影子（見 哥羅西書 2:17）。律法不過是“將來美事的影兒”（希伯來書 10:1）；真的和完全的光來自耶穌基督。那麼為什麼要回到陰影中呢？
In the
book of Revelation, where the heavenly scene is described, we can find
parallels to the Old Testament tabernacle. John stated that there is a
Since Jesus Christ is ministering in the original sanctuary, and not the copy, He is ministering in a better place. Why fellowship with priests who are serving in a copied sanctuary when you can fellowship with Christ in the original heavenly sanctuary? It would be like trying to live on the blueprint instead of in the building itself! 因為耶穌基督在真正的聖所裡事奉，而不是在復制的地方聖所裡服事，祂是在更美的殿中事奉。當你原本可以在天上聖所中與基督相交時，為什麼還要與在復制的聖所中事奉的祭司相交呢？ 這就像試圖生活在建築建築的藍圖上，而不是聖所的本身！
The writer has now given us two evidences of the superiority of the new covenant: it is ministered by a superior Priest, Jesus Christ; and it is ministered in a superior place, heaven itself. He devoted the remainder of this section to the third evidence. 作者現在給了我們兩個新盟約超越的證據：是由至高的祭司耶穌基督的職事；是在超越之處事奉，即天堂所在。他將第三個證據在本段內其餘部分致力的闡釋。
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