907 英翻中 (607) THE
CHAPTER
EIGHT THE
The
Christian is a citizen of two worlds, the earthly and the heavenly. He must
render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s and to God the things that are
God’s (Matt.
This
principle of faith must apply to our relationship to the heavenly sanctuary. We
have never seen this sanctuary. Yet we believe what the Bible tells us about
it. We realize that God is not worshipped today in temples made with hands
(Acts
Hebrews 9 presents a detailed contrast between the old covenant sanctuary (the tabernacle) and the new covenant heavenly sanctuary where Jesus Christ now ministers. This contrast makes it clear that the new covenant sanctuary is superior. 希伯來書第 9 章詳細對比了舊盟約的聖所（帳幕）和耶穌基督現在為祭司職事的新盟約天上的聖所。該對照清楚地顯示新盟約的聖所是優越的。
1. The Inferior Old Covenant Sanctuary (9:1–10) 1. 低下的舊盟約聖所（9:1-10）
Hebrews reminds readers that the regulations and practices in the tabernacle were ordained of God. If there was any inferiority in the tabernacle service, it was not because God had not established the ritual. While the old covenant was in force, the ministry of the priests was ordained of God and perfectly proper. 希伯來書提醒讀者，會幕中的規條和行為是上帝所命定的。如果在帳幕崇拜中有任何自卑，那不是因為上帝沒有設立儀式。當舊盟約生效時，祭司的職事是上帝所命定的，而且是完全正確的。
What was it, then, that made the tabernacle inferior? There are five answers to that question. 那麼，是什麼使會幕變得低下的呢？針對這問題有五個答案。
It was
an earthly sanctuary (v. 1). This means it was made by man (Heb.
Being
an earthly building, it had several weaknesses. For one thing, it would need a
certain amount of repair. Also, it was limited geographically: if it was
pitched in one place, it could not be in another place. It had to be dismantled
and the various parts carried from place to place. Furthermore, it belonged to
the nation of
It was
a type of something greater (vv. 2–5). The writer listed the various parts and
furnishings of the tabernacle because each of these carried a spiritual
meaning. They were “patterns of things in the heavens” (Heb.
The phrases “the first” (Heb. 9:2) and “the second” (Heb. 9:7) refer to the first and second divisions of the tabernacle. The first was called the holy place and the second the Holy of Holies. Each of these divisions had its own furnishings, and each piece of furniture had its own special meaning. “頭一層”（希伯來書 9:2）和“第二層”（希伯來書 9:7）是指會幕的第一和第二部分。頭一層稱作聖所，第二層稱為至聖所。這兩部門內都有屬於自己的設備，每件設置都有自己的特殊屬靈的含義。
In the
holy place stood the seven-branched golden candlestick (Ex. 25:31–40; 27:20–21;
37:17–24). “Lampstand” would be a better term to use, because the light was
produced by the burning of wicks in oil, not by the use of candles. Since there
were no windows in the tabernacle, this lampstand provided the necessary light
for the priests’ ministry in the holy place. The nation of
There was also a table in the holy place with twelve loaves of bread on it. It was called the table of showbread (Ex. 25:23–30; 37:10–16; Lev. 24:5–9). Each Sabbath, the priests would remove the old loaves and put fresh loaves on the table, and the old loaves would be eaten. These loaves were called “the bread of presence” and the table was called “the table of presence.” Only the priests could eat this bread, and they were required to eat it in the sanctuary. It reminded the twelve tribes of God’s presence that sustained them. It also speaks to us today of Jesus Christ, the “bread of life” given to the whole world (John 6). 在聖所裡還有桌子，上面放著十二個陈設餅。該桌子因擺陈設餅故稱為陈設餅桌（出埃及記 25:23-30；37:10-16；利未記 24:5-9）。每逢安息日，祭司們會取出舊餅，換上新鮮餅放在桌上，舊餅就吃掉。這些餅被稱為“陳設餅”，桌子被稱為“擺陳設餅的桌子”。只有祭司才能吃這餅，他們必須在聖所裡吃。其屬靈意義是提醒十二個支派，上帝的同在來支持他們。今天這也向我們講述耶穌基督是賜給世界的“生命之糧”（約翰福音 6章）。
The
golden altar stood in the holy place just in front of the veil that divided the
two parts of the tabernacle. The word translated “censer” (a device for burning
incense) (Heb. 9:4) should be “altar.” The golden altar did not stand in the
Holy of Holies, but its ministry pertained to the Holy of Holies. In what way?
On the annual day of Atonement, the high priest used coals from this altar to
burn incense before the mercy seat within the veil (Lev. 16:12–14). Moses (Ex.
40:5) related the golden altar to the ark of the covenant, and so did the
author of 1 Kings (1 Kings
The
Holy of Holies contained only the ark of the covenant, a wooden chest three
feet, nine inches long; two feet, three inches wide; and two feet, three inches
high. On the top of this chest was a beautiful “mercy seat” made of gold, with
a cherub at each end. This was the throne of God in the tabernacle (Ex.
25:10–22; Ps. 80:1; 99:1). On the day of Atonement, the blood was sprinkled on
this mercy seat to cover the tables of law within the ark. God did not look at
the broken law; He saw the blood. Christ is our “mercy seat” (“propitiation” in
1 John 2:2; Rom.
No doubt many spiritual truths are wrapped up in these pieces of furniture, and all of them are of value. But the most important truth is this: all of this was symbolism and not the spiritual reality. It was this fact that made the tabernacle of the old covenant inferior. 無疑，許多屬靈的真理都被包裹在這些陳設中，而且都是有價值的。但最重要的事實是：所有這些都是像徵的意義，而不是屬靈的實存。正是這個事實使舊約的帳幕變得低下。
人無法接近它（ 6-7 等節）。我們不能認為猶太人聚集在會幕裡敬拜。祭司和利未人允許進入會幕區，但不允許進入至聖所。
Ho y Pace Cand est ck Ho y of Ho es Ark of the Covenant Ve ncense A ter Tab e of showbread 聖所圖Ho y P ace Cand est ck Ho y of Ho es Ark of the Covenant Ve Ve ncense A ter Tab e of showbread
It was inaccessible to the people (vv. 6–7). We must not get the idea that the Jews assembled in the tabernacle for worship. The priests and Levites were permitted into the tabernacle precincts, but not the people from the other tribes. Furthermore, though the priests ministered in the holy place day after day, only the high priest entered the Holy of Holies, and that only once a year. When he did, he had to offer a sacrifice for his own sins as well as for the sins of the people. In contrast, the heavenly tabernacle is open to all of the people of God, and at all times! (Heb. 10:19–25) 人無法接近它（ 6-7 等節）。我們不能認為猶太人聚集在會幕裡敬拜。祭司和利未人允許進入會幕區，但不允許進入至聖所。但不是來自其他支派的人。再者，雖然祭司日復一日地在聖所供職，但只有大祭司能進入至聖所，而且每年只有一次。當他這樣做時，他必須為自己的罪和人民的罪獻祭。相比之下，天上的帳幕向所有上帝的子民開放，而且是任何時候都開放！ （希伯來書 10:19-25）
It was temporary (v. 8). The fact that the outer court (“first tabernacle,” Heb. 9:6) was standing was proof that God’s work of salvation for man had not yet been completed. The outer court stood between the people and the Holy of Holies! As long as the priests were ministering in the holy place, the way had not yet been opened into the presence of God. But when Jesus died on the cross, the veil of the temple was torn from top to bottom (Matt. 27:50–51) and the way was opened into the Holy of Holies. There was no longer any more need for either the holy place or the Holy of Holies, for now believing sinners could come into the presence of God. 這只是暫時的（第 8 節）。外院（“帳幕的頭一層”，希伯來書 9:6）還存在時，證明上帝拯救人的工作尚未完成。外院存在於人和至聖所之間！祭司在聖所供職的時候，通往到上帝面前的路，還沒有打開。但是，當耶穌死在十字架上時，聖殿的幔子從上到下撕裂為兩半（馬太福音 27:50-51），通往至聖所的路就暢通。不再需要聖所或至聖所，因為現在相信的罪人可以直接的來到上帝面前。
Its ministry was external, not internal (vv. 9–10). The sacrifices offered and the blood applied to the mercy seat could never change the heart or the con[1]science of a worshipper. All of the ceremonies associated with the tabernacle had to do with ceremonial purity, not moral purity. They were “carnal ordinances” that pertained to the outer man but that could not change the inner man. 該職事是外表的，而不是內心的（9-10 節）。所獻的祭物和灑在施恩座的寶血，永遠無法改變敬拜者的內心或良知。所有與會幕相關的儀式，都與儀式的純潔有關，而不是道德的純潔。它們是“屬肉體的律例”，屬於外面的人，但不能改變裡面的人。
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