Monday, August 11, 2025

133 (路加福音第二章) THE JOYS OF SALVATION 救恩的喜樂 12/08/2025

133 (路加福音第十四課)       THE JOYS OF SALVATION            的喜           12/08/2025

我們在天上的父上帝, 謝謝祢賜我一天的平安和健康.  更謝謝祢賜孩子祢的話語.  使我能活出祢賜下的大能, 見證主耶穌是祢的兒子.  

我好喜歡路加福音, 路加使徒闡釋救恩的喜樂, 用天父的大愛闡明我們所犯的罪, 也告訴自以為是的人, 犯不饒恕人的罪.  求主使孩子認罪, 不要再受魔鬼的引誘,  犯眼目情慾, 肉體情慾及今生驕傲的罪.  奉主的聖名禱告.  阿們.

CHAPTER FOURTEEN                                                                                                                             第十四     我最喜愛的比喻 --- 浪子回頭,    失去,  找到喜樂.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Luke 15  THE JOYS OF SALVATION                                                                                                     路加福音15  的喜 

When D. L. Moody was directing his Sunday school in Chicago, one boy walked several miles to attend; and somebody asked him, “Why don’t you go to a Sunday school closer to home?”           慕迪(D. L. Moody)在芝加哥主持他的主日学时,一个男孩走了好几英里去参加;  有人问他,  你为         什么不到离家较近的主日学校去? 

His reply might have been used by the publicans and sinners in Jesus’ day: “Because they love a feller over there.”                                                                                                                                        回答可能在耶稣的时代被税吏和罪人所使用:因为他们爱那边的樵夫。 

It is significant that Jesus attracted sinners while the Pharisees repelled them. (What does this say about some of our churches today?) Lost sinners came to Jesus, not because He catered to them or compromised His message, but because He cared for them. He understood their needs and tried to help them, while the Pharisees criticized them and kept their distance (see Luke 18:9–14). The Pharisees had a knowledge of the Old Testament law and a desire for personal purity, yet they had no love for lost souls.                                                                                                                                   很明表示当法利赛人推開他们时,耶稣吸引了罪人。 (这对我们今天的一些教会有什么意义?)失的罪人来到耶稣身边,并不是因为祂照顾了他们,或者是祂的信息與他們妥协,而是因为祂关心他们。明白他们的需要并试图帮助他们,而法利赛人批评他们并與他們保持距离(见路加福音189-14)。法利赛人了解旧约的律法和对个人纯洁的渴望,但他们没有迷失的灵魂的愛心

Three words summarize the message of this chapter: lost, found, and rejoice. Jesus spoke these parables to answer the accusations of the Pharisees and scribes who were scandalized at His behavior. It was bad enough that Jesus welcomed these outcasts and taught them, but He went so far as to eat with them! The Jewish religious leaders did not yet understand that the Son of Man had “come to seek and to save that which was lost” (Luke 19:10). Even more, they were still blind to the fact that they themselves were among the lost.                                                                           三个词总结章的信息:失落,尋著和喜樂。耶稣说这些比喻是为了回应法利赛人和文士的指责,他们对的行为感到惭愧。耶稣欢迎这些被驅逐者, 教导他们,  就已經够糟糕了,但他竟然与他们一起吃饭!犹太宗教领袖还不明白人子  来寻求并拯救那(路加福音19:10)。更重要的是,他们仍然对自己在失喪一起的事实一无所知. 

This chapter makes it clear that there is one message of salvation: God welcomes and forgives repentant sinners. But these parables also reveal that there are two aspects to this salvation. There is God’s part: the shepherd seeks the lost sheep, and the woman searches for the lost coin. But there is also man’s part in salvation, for the wayward son willingly repented and returned home. To emphasize but one aspect is to give a false view of salvation, for both the sovereignty of God and the responsibility of man must be considered (see John 6:37; 2 Thess. 2:13–14).                      章清楚明,救恩的信息:上帝欢迎和宽恕悔改的罪人。但这些比喻也表明这救恩的两方面。上帝的部分:牧羊人寻找迷路的羊,女人寻找丢失的硬币。但是人也有救恩的部分,因为任性的儿子心甘情愿地悔改回家强调只有方面是对救恩的错误看法,因为必须考虑上帝的主权和人的责任(见   约翰福音6:37;  帖撒罗尼迦后书213-14)。 

Since one of the major themes of this chapter is joy, let’s consider the three different joys that are involved in salvation. C. S. Lewis wrote, “Joy is the serious business of heaven,” and it is a joy in which you and I can share.                                                                                                                      由于本章的主要主题之一是喜乐,让我们来看看拯救中所涉及的三种不同的喜悦。 C. S. Lewis写道:是天堂的重要业务,这是我们可以分享的乐。 

1.  Joy of Finding (15:1–10)                                                                                                                        1.  乐(151-10 

The story about the lost sheep would touch the hearts of the men and boys in the crowd, and the women and girls would appreciate the story about the coin that was lost from the wedding necklace. Jesus sought to reach everybody’s heart.                                                                               关于迷失的羊的故事会触动人群中男人和男孩的心,而女人和女孩会喜欢关于从婚礼项链丢失的硬币的故事。耶稣试图滿足每个人的心。   

The lost sheep (vv. 3–7). The sheep was lost because of foolishness. Sheep have a tendency to go astray, and that is why they need a shepherd (Isa. 53:6; 1Peter 2:25). The scribes and Pharisees had no problem seeing the publicans and sinners as “lost sheep,” but they would not apply that image to themselves! And yet the prophet made it clear that all of us have sinned and gone astray, and that includes religious people.                                                                                                              迷失的羊(3-7节)。由于羊的愚蠢,常被丢失。因為不認路,所以他们需要牧人(536;  彼得后书2:25)。文士和法利赛人将税吏和罪人看作是 迷失的羊,” 是没有问题的,但他们不会将这形象应用于自己!然而先知明确表示,我们都犯了罪,走错了路,包括宗教人士。 

The shepherd was responsible for each sheep; if one was missing, the shepherd had to pay for it unless he could prove that it was killed by a predator (see Gen. 31:38–39; Ex. 22:10–13; Amos 3:12). This explains why he would leave the flock with the other shepherds, go and search for the missing animal, and then rejoice when he found it. Not to find the lost sheep meant money out of his own pocket, plus the disgrace of being known as a careless shepherd.                                            牧羊人负责每隻羊的安全; 如果有隻羊失踪了,牧羊人必須錢賠償,除非他能证明它是被狼咬死的(见创世記3138-39;出埃及记2210-13;阿摩司书3:12)。这說明了为什么牧羊人会把羊群其他牧羊人照顧去寻找那直到他发现它时喜樂。找到失落的羊就要賠償並加上為不小心的牧羊人的辱。 

By leaving the ninety-nine sheep, the shepherd was not saying they were unimportant to him. They were safe, but the lost sheep was in danger. The fact that the shepherd would go after one sheep is proof that each animal was dear to him. Jesus was not suggesting that the scribes and Pharisees were not in need of salvation, for they certainly were. We must not make every part of the parable mean something, otherwise we will turn it into an allegory and distort the message   牧羊人留下的九十九羊,并不是说他對它們不重被交給其他的牧羊人照顧很安全,但失去的那隻羊却处于危险之中。牧羊人去尋找失去的,  证明每隻羊都是爱的。耶稣并不是说文士和法利赛人不需要得救,他们却真正需要。我们绝不能使比喻分開來猜想,否则会把它变成寓言, 并扭曲了它的信息。

There is a fourfold joy expressed when a lost sinner comes to the Savior. Though nothing is said in the story about how the sheep felt, there is certainly joy in the heart of the person found. Both Scripture (Acts 3:8; 8:39) and our own personal experience verify the joy of salvation.                    当迷失的罪人来到救主面前时,有四倍的喜乐表达。尽管沒有关于羊感受的故事插入其中,但人的心中肯定是喜悦的。经文(使徒行传38; 8:39)和我们的亲身经历证实了救恩的喜乐。

But there is also the joy of the person who does the finding. Whenever you assist in leading a lost soul to faith in Christ, you experience a wonderful joy within. Others join with us in rejoicing as we share the good news of a new child of God in the family, and there is also joy in heaven (Luke 15:7, 10). The angels know better than we do what we are saved from and to, and they rejoice with us.                                                                                                                                                               但是對尋覓肯定是喜悦。每当你协助帶領迷失的灵魂相信基督,就会体验到美好的喜乐。其他人与我们一同欢乐,因为我们分享这好消息,  关于上帝家中的新孩子的好消息天上也有喜乐(路加福音157,10)。天使知道比我们做拯救人的事更好,并且他们也为我们欢喜.

The lost coin (vv. 8–10). The sheep was lost because of its foolishness, but the coin was lost because of the carelessness of another. It is a sobering thought that our carelessness at home could result in a soul being lost.                                                                                                                                           丢失的币(8-10节)。羊因为愚蠢而丢失了,但是錢幣的丟失却是因为人的粗心大意。我们在家里的粗心大意可能会导致灵魂迷失,必須要認清。

When a Jewish girl married, she began to wear a headband of ten silver coins to signify that she was now a wife. It was the Jewish version of our modern wedding ring, and it would be considered a calamity for her to lose one of those coins. Palestinian houses were dark, so she had to light a lamp and search until she found the lost coin, and we can imagine her joy at finding it.
当犹太女孩结婚时,她开始戴上十个银币挷在一起的头带,以表示她现在是妻子。现代使用结婚戒指是從犹太的這傳統而來,因此失去其中一枚硬币将视为灾难的徵兆。巴勒斯坦的房屋是暗的,所以她不得不点燃灯來尋找,直到找到丢失的硬币,當她找到它,  我们可以想象她該多麼喜欢。
 
We must not press parabolic images too far, but it is worth noting that the coin would have on it the image of the ruler (Luke 20:19–25). The lost sinner bears the image of God, even though that image has been marred by sin. When a lost sinner is “found,” God begins to restore that divine image through the power of the Spirit, and one day, the believer  will be like Jesus Christ (Rom. 8:29; 2 Cor. 3:18; Col. 3:10; 1 John 3:1–2).
绝不能将比喻图像想得太远,但值得注意的是,这枚硬币上会有至高者的形象(路加福音2019-25)。尽管这形象已经被罪恶所污染,  失丧的罪人拥有上帝的形象。当失的罪人被  找到 时,上帝就开始圣灵的能力恢复那神圣至高的形象,有一天,信徒会像耶稣基督的形象(罗马书8:29;林后3:18;上上。 3:10;约翰一书31-2)。

These two parables help us understand something of what it means to be lost. To begin with, it means being out of place. Sheep belong with the flock, coins belong on the chain, and lost sinners belong in fellowship with God. But to be lost also means being out of service. A lost sheep is of no value to the shepherd, a lost coin has no value to the owner, and a lost sinner cannot experience the enriching fulfillment God has for him in Jesus Christ.
这两个比喻帮助我们理解丢失的意义。首先,它意味着不合适的地位。羊属于羊群,硬币属于链条,失的罪人属于与上帝的交通。如果丢失就失去他們的關係。迷失的羊对牧人毫无价值,失落的硬币对主人毫无价值,失丧的罪人无法体验上帝在耶稣基督里为他所作的丰富的成就。
 
But to turn this around, to be “found” (saved) means that you are back in place (reconciled to God), back in service (life has a purpose), and out of danger. No wonder the shepherd and the woman rejoiced and invited their friends to rejoice with them!
是若 尋著得救)意味着他們又回到原有的關係(与上帝和好),回到原本的功能(生活有意義),并且脱离危险。难怪牧羊人和女人,并邀请他们的朋友一起欢乐! 

It is easy for us today to read these two parables and take their message for granted, but the people who first heard them must have been shocked. Jesus was saying that God actually searches for lost sinners! No wonder the scribes and Pharisees were offended, for there was no place in their legalistic theology for a God like that. They had forgotten that God had sought out Adam and Eve when they had sinned and hidden from God (Gen. 3:8–9). In spite of their supposed knowledge of Scripture, the scribes and Pharisees forgot that God was like a father who pitied his wayward children (Ps. 103:8–14).
今天我们很容易理解这两个比喻,并且认为所具備的信息是理所当然的,但是最先听到的人一定感到震惊。耶稣说上帝实际上是在寻找失丧的罪人!难怪文士和法利赛人被冒犯了,因为在他们的律法主义神学中,  没有像这样的上帝。他们忘记了在樂園犯罪和隐藏的亚当和夏娃,  上帝曾去尋找他們(创38-9)。文士和法利赛人尽管对圣经​​很熟悉,但却忘记了上帝就像滿有怜悯的世上父親,  可憐祂的任性的孩子(诗1038-14)                   

There are few joys that match the joy of finding the lost and bringing them to the Saior. “The church has nothing to do but to save souls,” said John Wesley, the founder of Methodism. “Therefore, spend and be spent in this work.”                                                                                        世上的欢乐很少与寻找失者将他们带到救主面前的喜悦相稱美以美會(Methodism)的创始人约翰 . 衛斯利说。教会對其他事工无能为力,只能拯救灵魂,因此,花在这项工作上并且花费在其上。


2.  The Joy of Returning (15:11–24)                                                                                                          2.  歸家乐(1511-24                                   

We call this story “the parable of the prodigal son” (the word prodigal means “wasteful”), but it could also be called “the parable of the loving father,” for it emphasizes the graciousness of e father more than the sinfulness of the son. Unlike the shepherd and the woman in the previous parables, the father did not go out to seek the son, but it was the memory of his father’s goodness that brought the boy to repentance and forgiveness (see Rom. 2:4). Note in the story the three experiences of the younger son.
这故事 浪子歸家的比喻(浪子 浪费),但它也可以称为 慈爱的父亲的比喻,因为它强调父亲的恩慈,而不是儿子的罪。与以前比喻中的牧羊人和女人不同,父亲并没有去寻找儿子,而是小兒子因對他父亲善良的记忆, 使悔改和並被宽恕(见罗马书24)。在故事中注意小儿子的三种经历。                                                                                            

Rebellion—he went to the far country (vv. 11–16). According to Jewish law, an elder son received twice as much as the other sons (Deut. 21:17), a   nd a father could distribute his wealth during his lifetime if he wished. It was perfectly legal for the younger son to ask for his share of the estate and even to sell it, but it was certainly not a very loving thing on his part. It was as though he were saying to his father, “I wish you were dead!” Thomas Huxley said, “A man’s worst difficulties begin when he is able to do just as he likes.” How true!                                                     背叛 - 他去了遥远的地區11-16节)。根据犹太法律,大儿子應分到他弟弟的两倍財產(申命记21:17),如果父亲愿意,可以在之年分配他的财富。对小儿子来说,要求分得他應得的遺產, 甚至出售是完全合法的,誠然, 小兒子来说是做得非常沒有愛心。这就比方在对他父亲说:我希望你已经死去!多马 . 赫胥黎(Thomas Huxley),  当人能够己喜去做时,他的最大困难就开始了。 真的太對了 

We are always heading for trouble whenever we value things more than people, pleasure more than duty, and distant scenes more than the blessings we have right at home. Jesus once warned two disputing brothers, “Take heed and beware of covetousness” (Luke 12:15). Why? Because the covetous person can never be satisfied, no matter how much he acquires, and a dissatisfied heart leads to a disappointed life. The prodigal learned the hard way that you cannot enjoy the things money can buy if you ignore the things money cannot buy.                                                                 每当我们衡量事物比對人更重衡量快樂比责任更重要,衡量在遙地方的想往遠超过在家中所享的福气时,麻烦总是会遇到。耶稣曾经警告过有争议的两兄弟,要留心,谨防贪婪(路加福音12:15)。为什么?因为贪婪的人永远不会满足,不管他获得多少,不满意的心会导致生活。浪子慘痛的經歷到,如果忽视钱不能买的,你就无法享受金钱能夠到的  

“The far country” is not necessarily a distant place to which we must travel, because “the far country” exists first of all in our hearts. The younger son dreamed of “enjoying” his freedom far from home and away from his father and older brother. If the sheep was lost through foolishness and the coin through carelessness, then the son was lost because of willfulness. He wanted to have his own way, so he rebelled against his own father and broke his father’s heart.                            并不一定是必须要到的地方,因为 首先是誘惑存在我们的心中。小儿子梦想离父母,哥哥的約束,  企圖得到他睡夢中 享受的自由。如果羊因为愚昧而失落,硬币因粗心而失落,那么儿子却是故意的去失落。他想要走自己的路,所以他背叛了自己的父亲,破碎了父亲的心。 

But life in the far country was not what he expected. His resources ran out, his friends left him, a famine came, and the boy was forced to do for a stranger what he would not do for his own father—go to work! This scene in the drama is our Lord’s way of emphasizing what sin really does in the lives of those who reject the Father’s will. Sin promises freedom, but it only brings slavery (John 8:34); it promises success, but brings failure; it promises life, but “the wages of sin is death”(Rom. 6:23). The boy thought he would “find himself,” but he only lost himself! When God is left out of our lives, enjoyment becomes enslavement.                                                                     是,遠方的生活并他预期的那样享受 。他的錢財耗尽了,朋友离开了他,饥荒来了,被迫为陌生人做他不喜歡为自己父亲要他做的事  --- 去工作!戏剧中的这一幕是我们的主强调罪的真实性 --- 谁拒绝父亲的旨意, 的生活就是這樣。罪应许自由,但它带来的只是奴役(约翰福音8:34;它承诺成功,但带来失败; 它承诺生命,但 罪的工价就是死(罗马书6:23)。小兒子以为他会 尋找到自己,但他只是失了!当上帝离开我们的生命时,享受成为奴役。 

Repentance—he came to himself (vv. 17–19). To “repent” means “to change one’s mind,” and that is exactly what the young man did as he cared for the pigs. (What a job for a Jewish boy!) He “came to himself,” which suggests that up to this point he had not really “been himself.” There is an “insanity” in sin that seems to paralyze the image of God within us and liberate the “animal” inside. Students of Shakespeare like to contrast two quotations that describe this contradiction in man’s nature.                                                                                                                                             悔改 --- 到自己(17-19节)。悔改 的意思是 改变自己的,这正是小兒子在照顾猪的工作 (对于犹太男孩来说,这是不稱的工作!)他回到  自言自语,这表明到目前为止还没有真正成为自罪恶中的  疯狂,似乎在内部瘫痪了我们上帝的形象, 并且解放人性中的 獸性。莎士比亚的学生喜欢提出描述人本矛盾的引语。 

What a piece of work is a man!                                                                                                                            人的工作究竟是什么?

How noble in reason! how infinite in faculty! in form, in moving,                                                            理性到底有多么高!在教师多么限!在形式上,在

how express and admirable! in action how like an                                                                                   是多麼的影響和令人钦佩!在行动中多麼

angel! in apprehension how like a god!                                                                                                             天使!在忧心忡忡中多麼像神祇

(Hamlet, II, ii)                                                                                                                                               (哈姆雷特,二,2小節)

 When he is best, he is a little worse than a                                                                                                             当他最好的,

         man; and when he is worst, he is little better than                                                                                              人更糟糕一些。当他糟时,

 

         a beast.   野兽好一点。

(The Merchant of Venice, I, ii)           (威尼斯商人,2小節) 

The young man changed his mind about himself and his situation, and he admitted that he was a sinner. He confessed that his father was a generous man and that service at home was far better than “freedom” in the far country. It is God’s goodness, not just man’s badness, that leads us to repentance (Rom. 2:4). If the boy had thought only about himself—his hunger, his homesickness, his loneliness—he would have despaired. But his painful circumstances helped him to see his father in a new way, and this brought him hope. If his father was so good to servants, maybe he would be willing to forgive a son.
小兒子改变了自己意念和他的處境,并承认他是罪人。承认他的父亲很慷慨,在家内的工作远比远方的 自由好得多。不仅仅是人坏到極处,上帝的善良,使我们悔改(罗马书24)。如果小兒子只想到自己 --- 他的饥饿,乡,孤独 - 他会處於绝望。但他痛苦的他以新的意您看待他的父亲,这给他带来了望。如果他的父亲对仆人都這麼好,许他会愿意饒恕儿子。
 
Had he stopped there, the boy would have experienced only regret or remorse (2 Cor. 7:10), but true repentance involves the will as well as the mind and the emotions—“I will arise … I will go … I will say….” Our resolutions may be noble, but unless we act on them, they can never of themselves bring about any permanent good. If repentance is truly the work of God (Acts 11:18), then the sinner will obey God and put saving faith in Jesus Christ (Acts 20:21).
如果他仍留遠方只会经历悔或悔恨(哥林多后书7:10),但真正的悔改牵涉意志,思想和情感  ---  我要起来......我要去............   我们的决可能是高尚的,但除非采取行动,否则它们永远不会為我們带来任何永久的好处。如果悔改真正是上帝的事工(使徒行传11:18),那么,  罪人就会顺从上帝,并且耶稣基督裡有得救的信心(徒20:21)。
 
Rejoicing—he came to the father (vv. 20–24). Here Jesus answered the accusations of the scribes and Pharisees (Luke 15:2), for the father not only ran to welcome his son, but he honored the boy’s homecoming by preparing a great feast and inviting the village to attend. The father never did permit the younger son to finish his confession; he interrupted him, forgave him, and ordered the celebration to begin!
  --- 他来到父亲面前20-24节)。耶稣此時回答了文士和法利赛人的指(路加福音152),跑去他的儿子,而且还為他准备盛大的筵席,  邀请村民参加,以表彰小兒子死而復活。父亲从未允许小儿子完成供词; 父親打断他,原谅他,并命令庆祝开始!

Of course, the father pictures to us the attitude of our heavenly Father toward sinners who repent: He is rich in His mercy and grace, and great in His love toward them (Eph. 2:1–10). All of this is possible because of the sacrifice of His Son on the cross. No matter what some preachers (and singers) claim, we are not saved by God’s love; God loves the whole world, and the whole world is not saved. We are saved by God’s grace, and grace is love that pays a price.
然,父亲的形成描绘了我们的天父对悔改的罪人的态:富有仁慈和憐憫,   对他们大爱(弗21-10)。因为上帝的儿子在十字架上為我們死, 所有这一切都是可能的。无论有些传道人(和歌手)怎麼說,我们不是因上帝的爱所救;  上帝爱全世界,整个世界没有得救。我们的確靠上帝的恩典得救,恩典是付出代价的爱。 

In the East, old men do not run, yet the father ran to meet his son. Why? One obvious reason was his love for him and his desire to show that love. But there is something else involved. This wayward son had brought disgrace to his family and village and, according to Deuteronomy 21:18–21, he should have been stoned to death. If the neighbors had started to stone him, they would have hit the father who was embracing him! What a picture of what Jesus did for us on the cross!
在东方,老人不跑,但父亲跑去迎接他的儿子。为什么? 明显的原因是父親对他的爱和表达他對小兒子恩爱的愿望。但还有一。这任性的儿子给父親的家人和村庄带来了辱,根据申命记2118-21記載的條例,他应该石头打死。如果邻居们开始用石頭打死他,会击中拥抱他的父!耶稣在十字架上的死, 为我们做了顯明形象
 
Everything the younger son had hoped to find in the far country, he discovered back home: clothes, jewelry, friends, joyful celebration, love, and assurance for the future. What made the difference? Instead of saying, “Father, give me!” he said, “Father, make me!” He was willing to be a servant! Of course, the father did not ask him to “earn” his forgiveness, because no amount of good works can save us from our sins (Eph. 2:8–10; Titus 3:3–7). In the far country, the prodigal learned the meaning of misery, but back home, he discovered the meaning of mercy.
小儿子希望在远方想找到的东西,家乡他發現都有:衣服,珠宝,朋友,乐的庆,爱和未来的保。是什么造成了差异?  他本要说:父亲,给我! 说,父亲,使我!  他愿意成为仆人! 然,父亲并没有要求他 作善工  賺取父親對他的饶恕,因为在世上没有任何善事可以使我们脱离罪得拯救(弗28-10;33-7)。在远,浪子體會到痛苦义,但回到家乡,他发现了怜悯的意义。
 
The ring was a sign of sonship, and the “best robe” (no doubt the father’s) was proof of his acceptance back into the family (see Gen. 41:42; Isa. 61:10; 2 Cor. 5:21). Servants did not wear rings, shoes, or expensive garments. The feast was the father’s way of showing his joy and sharing it with others. Had the boy been dealt with according to the law, there would have been a funeral, not a feast. What a beautiful illustration of Psalm 103:10–14!
戒指是是表示父關係的象征, 最好的袍子(毫无疑问是父亲的)明他家庭的接(见创41:42;61:10;林后5:21 。仆人不戴戒指,穿鞋子或昂贵的衣服。盛宴是父亲表达他的喜悦,  与他人分享的形象。如果小兒子依法处理,那么将会葬礼,而不是筵席诗篇10310-14篇描寫得多麼的美丽!
 
It is interesting to consider the father’s description of his son’s experience: he was dead, and was now alive; he was lost, and now was found. This is the spiritual experience of every lost sinner who comes to the Father through faith in Jesus Christ (John 5:24; Eph. 2:1–10). Note the parallels between the prodigal’s coming to the father and our coming to the Father through Christ (John 14:6):
考虑父亲对儿子经历的描述是很有趣的:他已经死了,现在还活着;他迷路了,现在被找到了。这是每一个因信耶稣基督而来到父面前的迷失罪人的属灵经历(约翰福音5:24;21-10)。请注意浪子回到父亲和我们通过基督来到天父之间的相似之处(约翰福音146):
 

The Prodigal                                      Jesus Christ                                                                                      浪子                                                    耶穌基督      

He was lost (v. 24)                             “I am the way”                                                                                  他喪失了(第24节)                     我是路

He was ignorant (v. 17)                     “I am the truth”                                                                                 他是无知的(17节)                      我是真理             

He was dead (v. 24)                           “I am the lif                                                                                           死了(24节)                          

There is only one way to come to the Father, and that is through faith in Jesus Christ. Have you come home?
只有一种方法可以来到天父那里,那就是通过相信耶稣基督。你回家了吗?                                                          

3.  The Joy of Forgiving (15:25–32)                                                                                                          3.  宽容的喜悦(1525-32 

At this point in the parable, the scribes and Pharisees felt confident that they had escaped our Lord’s judgment, for He had centered His attention on the publicans and sinners, pictured by the prodigal son. But Jesus continued the story and introduced the elder brother, who is a clear illustration of the scribes and Pharisees. The publicans and sinners were guilty of the obvious sins of the flesh, but the Pharisees and scribes were guilty of sins of the spirit (2 Cor. 7:1). Their outward actions may have been blameless, but their inward attitudes were abominable (see Matt. 23:25–
比喻談到此處,文士和法利赛人以為他们已经逃脱了我们主的审判,因为集中注意力在浪子的儿子身上,  將他描绘成為税吏和罪人。但是,耶稣继续讲述这故事,并介绍了哥哥,哥哥是文士和法利赛人的清晰代表。税吏和罪人犯了明显的肉身的罪,但法利赛人和文士犯了屬靈上的罪(林后71)。他们表的為上可能无可指责的,但他们内在的态是可憎的(参  马太福音2325-28)。
 
We must admit that the elder brother had some virtues that are commendable. He worked hard and always obeyed his father. He never brought disgrace either to the home or to the village, and apparently he had enough friends so that he could have planned an enjoyable party (Luke 15:29). He seems like a good solid citizen and, compared to his younger brother, almost a saint.
必须承认哥哥有值得赞扬的一些美德。他努力工作,始终服父亲。他从来没有把羞辱带到家里或村里,显然他有足够的朋友,所以他可以计划愉快的聚会(路加福音15:29)。看起来他真是很好的公民,与他的弟弟相比,几乎是圣人。
 
However, important as obedience and diligence are, they are not the only tests of character. Jesus taught that the two greatest commandments are to love God and to love others (Luke 10:25–28), but the elder brother broke both of these divine commandments. He did not love God (represented in the story by the father), and he did not love his brother. The elder brother would not forgive his brother who wasted the family inheritance and disgraced the family name. But neither would he forgive his father who had graciously forgiven the young man those very sins!
然而,重要的是顺从和勤奋,不是性格的唯一考验。耶稣教导说,最大的诫命是爱上帝并爱人的兩條(路加福音1025-28),但哥哥並沒有守住这两条神圣的诫命。他不爱上帝(在故事中是以父亲表现),他不爱弟。哥哥沒有原谅弟浪费家族遗产,并玷污了他們的家庭。但是他也沒有原谅他的父亲恩典饒恕他弟弟的罪恶!
 
When you examine the sins of the elder brother, you can easily understand why he pictures the scribes and Pharisees. To begin with, he was self-righteous. He openly announced the sins of his brother, but he could not see his own sins (see Luke 18:9–14). The Pharisees defined sin primarily in terms of outward actions, not inward attitudes. They completely missed the message of the Sermon on the Mount and its emphasis on inward attitudes and holiness of heart (Matt. 5—7).
數算哥哥的罪时,很容易地理解耶穌为什么會以他描绘文士和法利赛人。首先,他是自以为是的人。公开宣布他弟弟的罪,但他却未看到自己的罪(见  路加福音189-14)。法利赛人主要以外在行为而不是心态来定义罪。他们完全解登寶訓的信息,它們强调内心的态度和心的圣洁(太5-7)。
 
Pride was another one of his failings. Just think, he had served his father all those years and had never disobeyed his will! What a testimony! But his heart was not in his work, and he was always dreaming of throwing a big party at which he and his friends could enjoy themselves. He was only a drudge. Like the prophet Jonah, the elder brother did God’s will but not from the heart (Jonah 4; Eph. 6:6). He was a hard worker and a faithful worker—qualities to be commended—but his work was not a “labor of love” that would please his father.
骄傲是哥哥的另一處的失败。试想,他这些年来一直他的父亲工作,从未违背父親的意愿!美好的見證!但他的心并不在工作,他总是在梦想着他和他的朋友可以享受自己的大型派对。他認為只是苦差事。就像先知约拿一样,哥哥也遵守上帝的旨意,但不从心里(约拿书4;66)。他是努力工作者和忠实的工人 --- 值得赞扬的品质 - 但他的工作不他父亲高兴的 爱心服事
 
You cannot help but notice his unconcern for his missing brother. Imagine having to be told that his brother had come home! The father watched for the younger son day after day and finally saw him afar off, but the elder brother did not know his brother was home until one of the servants told him.
無法不想到他对失去的弟弟漠不关心。想當他得弟回家時的心態!父亲日复一日地注视遠方想念着小儿子,终于看到远方出現了弟弟,但哥哥不知道已經住在家里,直到仆人告诉他。
 
Even though he knew it would make his father happy, the elder brother did not want his younger brother to come home. Why should he share his estate with somebody who had wasted his own inheritance? Why should he even share the father’s love with somebody who had brought shame to the family and the village? Reports of the prodigal’s lifestyle only made the elder brother look good, and perhaps this would make the father love his obedient son even more. No doubt about it—the arrival of the younger son was a threat to the older son.                                     
尽管大兒子知道弟弟回家會令父亲开心,但哥哥却不想让弟弟回家。为什么他应该和浪费自己的遗产的人分享他的遗产?为什么他甚至应该把父亲的爱分给那些让家人和村子蒙羞的人呢?浪子的生活方式的报道只能让哥哥看起来很好,也许这会让父亲更爱他的顺从的儿子。毫无疑问,小儿子的到来是对大儿子的威胁。
 
Perhaps the most disturbing thing about the elder son was his fierce anger. He was angry at both his father and his brother and would not go into the house and share in the joyful celebration.
也许大儿子最令人不安的是他的愤怒。他对他的父亲和他的兄弟都很生气,并且不愿意进入家中分享欢乐的庆祝。
 
Anger is a normal emotion and it need not be sinful. “Be ye angry, and sin not” (Eph. 4:26, quoting Ps. 4:4). Moses, David, the prophets, and our Lord Jesus displayed holy anger at sin, and so should we today. The Puritan preacher Thomas Fuller said that anger was one of the “sinews of the soul.” Aristotle gave good advice when he wrote, “Anybody can become angry. That is easy. But to be angry with the right person and to the right degree and at the right time and for the right purpose and in the right way—that is not within everybody’s power and is not easy.”
愤怒是一种正常的情绪,并不一定是有罪的。你们当生气,不要犯罪(以弗所书4:26,引用诗四4)。摩西,大卫,先知和我们的主耶稣对罪都表现出圣洁的愤怒,今天我们也应该如此。清教徒传教士托马斯富勒说,愤怒是灵魂的筋骨之一。当亚里士多德写道:任何人都可以生气,他给出了很好的建议。这很容易。但是要对正确的人,正确的程度,正确的时间,正确的目标和正确的方式感到愤怒 - 这不在每个人的力量之内,并不容易。
 
The elder brother was angry with his father because his father had given the younger son the feast that the elder brother had always wanted. “You never gave me so much as a goat,” he said to his father, “but you killed for him the valuable fatted calf!” The elder brother’s dreams were all shattered because the father had forgiven the prodigal.
哥哥对他父亲生气,因为他的父亲给小儿子哥哥一直想要的盛宴。你从来没有给过我像山羊那么多,他对他的父亲说,但是你为他杀了那宝贵的胖犊牛!哥哥的梦想都被粉碎了,因为父亲已经原谅了浪子。
 
Of course the elder brother was angry at his younger brother for getting all that attention and receiving the father’s special gifts. As far as the elder brother was concerned, the younger brother deserved none of it. Had he been faithful? No! Had he obeyed the father? No! Then why should he be treated with such kindness and love?
当然,哥哥对他的弟弟感到愤怒,因为他得到了所有的关注,并收到了父亲的特殊礼物。就哥哥而言,弟弟是不值得的。他是否忠实?没有!他是否服从父亲?没有!那为什么他要受到这样的善良和爱呢?

The Pharisees had a religion of good works. By their fasting, studying, praying, and giving, they hoped to earn blessings from God and merit eternal life. They knew little or nothing about the grace of God. However, it was not what they did, but what they did not do, that alienated them from God (see Matt. 23:23–24). When they saw Jesus receiving and forgiving irreligious people, they rebelled against it. Even more, they failed to see that they themselves also needed the Savior.
法利赛人有良好的宗教信仰。他们通过禁食,学习,祈祷和奉献,希望从上帝那里得到祝福,并且应该得到永生。他们对上帝的恩典知之甚少。然而,这不是他们所做的,而是他们没有做的,使他们与上帝疏远(见马太福音2323-24)。当他们看到耶稣接纳并饶恕不信教的人时,他们反抗了这一切。更甚者,他们没有看到他们自己也需要救主。

The same father who ran to meet the prodigal came out of the house of feasting to plead with the older son. How gracious and condescending our Father is, and how patient He is with our weaknesses! The father explained that he would have been willing to host a feast for the older boy and his friends, but the boy had never asked him. Furthermore, ever since the division of the estate, the elder brother owned everything, and he could use it as he pleased.
那个跑来迎接浪子的父亲从宴请的房子里出来向大儿子恳求。我们的父多么优雅而谦卑,多么耐心,祂与我们的软弱!父亲解释说,他本来愿意为年长的男孩和他的朋友举办盛宴,但这个男孩从未问过他。此外,从财产分割以来,哥哥拥有一切,他可以随心所欲地使用它。

The elder brother refused to go in; he stayed outside and pouted. He missed the joy of forgiving his brother and restoring the broken fellowship, the joy of pleasing his father and uniting the family again. How strange that the elder brother could speak peaceably to a servant boy, but he could not speak peaceably to his brother or father!
哥哥不肯进去;他留在外面繃著臉。他错过了饶恕他的兄弟和恢复破碎团契的喜悦,以及令他父亲高兴和再次团结家庭的喜悦。哥哥可以和平地对一个仆人讲话有多奇怪,但他无法和平地对他的兄弟或父亲说话!

If we are out of fellowship with God, we cannot be in fellowship with our brothers and sisters and, conversely, if we harbor an unforgiving attitude toward others, we cannot be in communion with God (see Matt. 5:21–26; 1 John 4:18–21). When they show true repentance, we must forgive those who sin, and we should seek to restore them in grace and humility (Matt. 18:15–35; Gal. 6:1–5; Eph. 4:32).
如果我们不与上帝交通,我们就不能与兄弟姐妹交往,相反,如果我们对别人抱有不宽容的态度,我们就不能与上帝交流(见马太福音521-26; 1约翰福音418-21)。当他们显出悔改的时候,我们必须赦免那些犯罪的人,并且我们应该寻求以恩典和谦卑来恢复他们(马太福音1815-35;61-5;4:32)。

The father had the last word, so we do not know how the story ended. (See Jonah 4 for a parallel narrative.) We do know that the scribes and Pharisees continued to oppose Jesus and separate themselves from His followers, and that their leaders eventually brought about our Lord’s arrest and death. In spite of the Father’s pleading, they would not come in.
父亲有最后的话,所以我们不知道故事是如何结束的。 (参看约拿书4章)。我们知道文士和法利赛人继续反对耶稣,与他的追随者分开,他们的领袖最终带来我们的主被捕和死亡。尽管父亲的恳求,他们不会进来。

Everybody in this chapter experienced joy except the elder brother. The shepherd, the woman, and their friends all experienced the joy of finding. The younger son experienced the joy of returning and being received by a loving, gracious father. The father experienced the joy of receiving his son back safe and sound. But the elder brother would not forgive his brother, so he had no joy. He could have repented and attended the feast, but he refused, so he stayed outside and suffered.
除了哥哥,这一章中的每个人都经历了欢乐。牧羊人,女人和他们的朋友都体验到了寻找的喜悦。小儿子体验到回归的快乐,并被一位慈爱的父亲接受。父亲体验到了让儿子安然无恙的快乐。但哥哥不会原谅他的兄弟,所以他没有快乐。他本可以悔改参加这个盛宴,但他拒绝了,所以他留在外面受苦。

In my years of preaching and pastoral ministry, I have met elder brothers (and sisters!) who have preferred nursing their anger to enjoying the fellowship of God and God’s people. Because they will not forgive, they have alienated themselves from the church and even from their family; they are sure that everyone else is wrong and they alone are right. They can talk loudly about the sins of others, but they are blind to their own sins.
在我多年的讲道和牧养事工中,我遇到了喜欢护理他们的愤怒的哥哥(和姐妹们),以享受上帝和上帝子民的团契。因为他们不会原谅,他们已经与教会甚至家庭疏远了;他们确信其他人都是错的,而他们自己是对的。他们可以大声谈论别人的罪恶,但他们对自己的罪孽无知。

“I never forgive!” General Oglethorpe said to John Wesley, to which Wesley replied, 我永远不会原谅!奥格索普将军对约翰韦斯利说,韦斯利回答道:

 “Then, sir, I hope you never sin.”
那么,先生,我希望你永遠不要犯罪.                                           

Don’t stand outside! Come in and enjoy the feast!                                                                                 别站在外面!进来享受盛宴!

 


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