203 英语语法应用 (四)
Article: Indefinite article “ a, an” and definite article “the” 11/20/2018
爱我们的慈悲天父, 谢谢祢垂听孩子的祷告, 赦免我骄傲的罪. 主啊, 谢谢祢让孩子能继续维持博客的发表. 求祢使我能荣耀祢的名, 因为凡我能做的都是出于祢的恩典. 祢是大有怜悯的上帝, 在祢没有难成的事, 应归一切荣耀给乐意施恩的主耶稣基督. 奉主耶稣的圣名祈祷. 阿门.
学习英语语法, 一定要知道各种词类的用法和性向.
知道名词的類別和用法不就行了吗? 为甚幺还要分別它是可数算或不可数算的名詞呢? 是因为它与是否要在其前面加冠词有很密切的关系, 尤其是定冠词.
冠词是我国语言中不常见的. 而在英文造句中却是非常重要的, 弄通了它, 對英文造句就不大会出错. 所以編輯者一再的提醒愛好學習英語的朋友們, 要化時間把它融會貫通. 例如 : 英文新约圣经约翰福音14章6节, 耶稣回答门徒说, “I am the way, and the truth,
and the life. ….” 一句短短的十个字的句子却用上了三个定冠词 “the”. 中文翻译为, “耶稣是这道路, 是这真理, 和是这生命. …”, 若用我国的话说, “耶稣是道路, 真理, 和生命”, 不是很通顺的一句话吗?
但没有如在英语里, 强调耶稣是去到上帝那里的唯一的道路, 不是任何一条道路; 耶稣是絶对的真理, 不是世上所谓的相对道理; 耶稣是信徒重生的永远的生命, 不是一般世上的生命. 这就是冠词为什幺在英文中如此的被看重. 因为它是限制形容词(limiting adjective)的原因, 它限制名詞的特殊意義. 所以编辑者有心愿要再三用例句仔细阐明它们的意义.
a 和an称不定冠词(indefinite
article), 有: 一, 任一, 每, 的意思. 其用法如下:
a 用在以辅音(consonant)不是这些元音a /e/i/o /u 字母开首的名词的前面, 如: a day; a unit
和 a uniform(此处的 “u” 是指字母发音如辅音, 不是指字母本身); a good
ink 等.
an 用在以元音 (vowel) 等字母a /e/i/o /u开首的名词前面. 如: an accident; an hour(此处的 “h”不发音); an
army 等.
[例] : 误: He takes a interest in everything.
正: He takes an interest in everything.
误: A army
is made up of soldiers and officers.
正: An army is made up of soldiers and officers.
误: It was a unfortunate accident.
正: It was an unfortunate accident.
误: I have made a awful mistake.
正: I have made an awful mistake.
误: He was a honest man.
正: He was an honest (此处的 “h”不发音) man.
误: He takes a old book to the library.
正: He takes an old book to the library.
练习一
从下列两组词, 选出须要供造句的字词. 若须用不定冠词a/an请注意加上.
(Write
sentences. Choose from the two boxes. Use a/an where necessary.)
I want to ask you
Mary works in old house artist
David never wears Ruth wants to learn + party question
I can’t ride Stephen lives in office foreign language
My brother is Tonight I’m going to hat bicycle
1. I want to ask you a
question. (通常会忽略用不定冠词)
2. ______________________.
3.______________________.
4.______________________.
5. _____________________.
6.______________________.
7.______________________.
8.______________________.
定冠词(definite article) “the” 的用法(又称限制冠词), 因为它限制后面的名词的意义.
1. He is
going to wash the car tomorrow. (his car 是他的车, 不是任何一辆)
2. Can
you repeat the question, please? (是你问的问题, 不是任何一个问题)
3. We
enjoyed our vacation. The hotel was very nice. (是我们住的旅馆, 不是任何一间)
4. Linda
is the youngest student in her class, (林达是她班上最年轻的女学生, 不是任何别的一班)
现用例句来显示不定冠词和定冠词它们的用法(Compare “a” and “the”)
I bought a
jacket and a shirt . The
jacket was cheap, but the shirt was expensive.
(前句的衬衫和夹克没有限制, 可指任何一件衬衫和夹克. 后一句是说我买的衬衫和夹克, 所以用 “the”)
[注] : 使用 “the”时, 很清楚指定是有限制的名词(是认定的某样东西或是谁).
练习二
一. 试完成下列各句. 选用列出的词字, 若需用冠词 “the”, 请加上.
(Complete the sentences. Choose from the list. Use “the” if necessary.)
bank bed church home post office school
1. I need to get some money. I have to go to the bank . (我需要一些钱, 必须要到我的银行去取.)
2. Stephen usually goes to church on Sundays. (星期日司提反常常去教会. 任何一间)
3. In
the United States, children start __________________ at the age of five.
4. I called you last night, but you
weren’t at_______________________ .
5. I’m going to ______________________ now.
Good night!
6. I’m going to ______________________ to get
some stamps.
练习三
试完下列各句. 有时要用冠词 “the”.
(Complete the sentences. Sometimes you need “the”.)
1. If you want to catch a plane, you go to the airport.
2. If you want to see a movie, you go to
____________________________________
3. If you are tired and you want to sleep,
you_______________________________
4. If you rob a bank and the police catch you,
you___________________________
5. If you have a problem with your teeth,
you_______________________________
6. If you want to study after you finish high
school, you______________________
希望贊助. 請將答案寄: swlei2011@gmail.com
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