43 介词二

43 介詞二

介词的应用 

写到英文介词的应用，编辑者深受恩师邓先生的指导, 他要我买一本较贵的字典(包含较多解释), 至今仍怀念他的教诲, 使我得益非浅. 因英文介词应用范围极为广泛, 好的字典差不多都将其收集在内, 真是有用极了. 我也请你们买一本合用的字典, 帮助学习介词的应用.  

常用介词, 如: at, in, on等的用法

  1. 表时间

    at 用来表示确定的时间.

  例如,  I arrived the school at 3:30 pm.

            He came to his office at noon yesterday. 

on 用来表示特定的日子, 如: 周日, 生日, 以及节日等.

  例如, John’s birthday is on May20, 1967.

             He was absent on last Saturday. 

in 用来表示不确定的时间, 如: 年, 月, 上下午或傍晚等.

  例如,  It was happened in 1985.

              I got up in the morning last day.

              He had a hard time in his life. 

   提示:  很少介词只有一种用途的, 它在句中可以表示多种不同的关系. 

               所以对介词的使用要多注意其习惯使用法.  例如, on, in, at等常

                      用的介词既可应用在表时间, 且可用在表地方. 

  2. 表地方的介词. 

 at 用来表示确定的地方或特定的地点. 如: at the library, at hom

    例如：  Please enter at the front door.  (请走前门.)

      The train arrives at the station on time. (火車按時到站.) 

 in 用来表示较大的地方或在房子或建筑物之内. 如: in New York, in the

    restaurant和in the world等.

    例如：  On our trip, we stayed two days at hotel Inn in Chicago.

                     (旅途中, 我們在芝加哥 Inn 旅館住了兩天.)

                          We ate our dinner in the restaurant.  (我們在餐館吃晚飯.) 

常用介词, 如: through, across, to, into, 和out of等的表示方向的用法 

             through ------- I----------------------I------>  
                                Iß---across --à I

                                I                          I

                                I                     ß into

                                I                          I

                         ß out of                     I       

                                I______________ I ß to      

   

                                          图一

例如,   The tunnel was cut through the mountain.   (隧道開挖穿過山脈.)

                    She walked across the street. (她跨過街道.)

     John is going to the school now.  (約翰現正向學校去.)

     The boy throws the stone into the water.  (那男孩抛石頭進入水中.)

     She went out of the house a minute ago.  (她一分鐘前才離開這屋.)     

常用介词, 如: out, in, on, over, above, beneath等的用法   

                                   above            

                        Over                up  

                           .                     ^      

                           .                     1   

                           .                     1

                       _on______ ____1___  ß  该线假设为棹面

                       beneath              1

                           .                     1    

                out      .                     1

                           .                     v

                       under              down

                                   below

                                      图二

     例如,  The book is on the table.  (書放在棹子上面.)

                     She found her pen beneath the cover.  (她在遮蓋下發現她的鋼筆.)

                     The moon has risen above the mountain.  (月亮升過山嶺上頭.)

                     The sun has sunk below the horizon.  (太陽落到地平線下.)

                     The famous New York bridge is built over the Hudson river.

                            (有名的紐約大橋是跨赫得遜河而建造的.)
                      We sat under the tree.  (我們坐在樹下.)

                     The child climbed up three stairs without help.  (這小孩爬上三階樓梯不要幫忙.)

                     He is stepping down the mountain.  (他一步一步的下山.)

作业六十四  

将适合的介词填入空格内:

 1.  I start work (  ) 8 o’clock.

 2.  The bank close (  ) 5:00.

 3.  I can't sleep (  ) night.

 4.  I'm taking a trip (  ) the end of October.

 5.  They like to go to restaurants (  ) the weekend.

 6.  Do you work (  ) Sundays?

 7.  The concert is (  ) November 20th.

 8.  I am taking a trip (  ) October.

 9.  Miss Wang was born (  ) 1984.

10.  The park is beautiful (  ) the fall.

11.  Do you often go out (  ) the evening? 

作业六十五

用下列的介词造句:

  up,  down,  out,  on,  in,  at,  above,  under,  beneath,  across