连词三

连词的用法(续) 

连词是用在句中作连接用的词汇，如：as soon as, as long as (so long as),  as if,  both…and,  as well as, 及whether...or... 等. 其用法及意义常有变化, 必须用心领悟, 始能运用它们时得心应手.

例如,     I'll call you as soon as I get there.
(我一到那里就给你打电话)

As long as I am alive, I'll not allow you to do that.
      (只要我活着就不允许你做那件事)

   注:你能体会同一个连词, 因其所在的位置不一同, 它们的意义全然相异.

                    We both love and honor him.

                          (我们都爱和尊敬他.)

                     He is both a teacher and a poet.

                          (他即是老师又是诗人.)

                     I don’t care whether you go or not.

                          (我不在意你走或是留下.)

                    Tell me whether he is at home or at the office.

             (告诉我他是在家中还是办公室.)

连词放在的位置很重要, 若不小心会造成错误, 如:  neither…or, either…or

和not only …but等连词的使用举例如下:

         例如,   He neither speaks English nor Chinese.

                          ( 错, 连词所连接的是同等的单词.)

                     He speaks neither English nor Chinese.

                          (他即不说英语也不说中国话.)

                     The thief not only stole her money but also her jewels.

                          (错, 连词所连接的应是同等构造的短语.)

                     The thief stole not only her money but also her jewels.

                           (小偷不但偷她的钱连她的珠宝一起偷.)

      提示:   请注意中译文与原文有些不同, 这就是我国青年学生容易出错的地方.

当连词as well as 放在句尾的时候,  不须用第二个  as.

        例如,    I like art and English as well as.  ( 错 )

                     I like art and English as well.   (我喜欢艺术, 也喜欢英语.) 

不要为了同一件事而使用两个相异的连词.

        例如,    As it is getting dark, so I must leave now.  (错)

                     As it is getting dark, I must leave now.  ( 天快黑了, 我必须现在离开.)

                     My failure was not because that I did not try. (错)

                     I failed, but not because I did not try.  ( 我失败了, 但不是因为我没有试.) 

不要滥用and, 不要在该用  ‘but’ 的地方而使用 ‘and’. 

例如,   I tried and succeed (错误, 语意不一致.)

            I tried but did not succeed (我尝试而不成功).

提示:  ‘and’  往往误用在该用 ‘but’ 的地方.  因为 ‘and’有累积的意思, 而 ‘but’ 有对比的意念.  

常易被误用的连词 

‘but’ 该用在连接词汇其意义有 ‘对比’ 的意念上.

例如,   I listened, but I could not hear anything (我静听着, 但听不到什幺声音).

He does his own work, but sometimes someone helps him.

    (错误, 没有对比的意念)

                Though he usually does his own work, sometimes he gets help.

                       ( 虽然他常常做他自己的工作, 有时他接受别人的帮助.) 

‘than’ 是连词, 不是介词.  使用时当小心.

例如,   He is more skillful than me. ( 错误, 此处连接两个独立子句, 后面句子的主

语不能为宾位, 应为主位.)

He is more skillful than I (am) (他比我更熟练)

He helped me more than (he helped) John (他助我比助约翰更多).   

‘than’ 有时被误用在该用 when 的地方.

例如,   We had hardly started than it began to rain. (错误)

            We had hardly started when it began to rain.

                (当开始下雨时, 我们几乎要出发) 

连词that 往往用作引起间接语句 (indirect discourse), 不能引起直接语句

    (direct quotation).

例如,    He said that, "I don't know what you mean." (错误, 不能引起直接语句.)       

                     He said that he didn't know what I meant. (他说不了解我的意思)

 

作业六十一 

试改正下列各句中的错误:

1.   My failure was not because that I did not try.

2.   It takes time and effort as well as.

3.      There is no one better informed than him.

4.  We wondered that when you would return.

5.   I said that, “He doesn’t understand me.”

6.   John is more stronger than me.