Friday, February 3, 2012

副词三

副词的比较
                  
副词和形容词一样, 也有它的比较级和最高级形式. 可以参考形容词的变换形式. 
但以词尾‘-ly’结尾的副词除‘early’, 须用 more most.
              比较级                      最高级
        hard           harder                        hardest
    early            earlier                         earliest
    much        more                       most  
    warmly    more warmly         most warmly

单音节副词的比较级是在副词后面加上 -er 构成的,最高级是在副词后面
加上 -est 构成的.                      
            比较级                      最高级
near             nearer                        nearest
  hard            harder                        hardest

多音节副词的比较级是在副词的前面加上‘-more’构成的. 最高级是在副词前
加上‘-most’构成的.                     
                          比较级                              最高级
warmly     more warmly     most warmly
successfully         more successfully       most successfully 

不规则的副词的比较级和最高级形式:
                      比较级                        最高级
well                      better                           best
        little                      less                             least
  Much                   more                            most
        badly                    worse                          worst
far                        farther(further)            farthest(furthest) 

副词的比较级和最高级用法同形容词的比较级用法基本上是一样. 最高级形式
句中 the  可以省略.                    
      例如,     He works harder than I.   (他比我工作努力.)
             He runs fastest in our class.  (他在我们班跑地最快.)
              It's true that he speak English more fluently than any of us. 
                               (他英语讲的确实比我们任何人都好.)

结语:  原式是简单的用以描述.  比较级是用来比较两个或两个以上的动作
或描绘形容词的情状.  最高级则用来比较三个或三个以上动作或情状.
        例如,   原式
                        John came to school early this morning. (约翰今晨到学校很早.)
                        John arrived earlier than I did.  (约翰比我早到学校.) 
                        Mary often help with the dishes.  ( 玛丽经常帮忙清洗碟子.)
                    比较级
                         I help more often than my brother does. (我比我的兄弟多帮忙家务.)
                    最高级
                          John arrived earliest of all.  (约翰比任何人都到得早.)
                          My father helps most often of all. (我父亲比任何人都愿意帮忙.)
副词比较应用时要避免的几点:

1. 要避免重复使用比较级。
    例如,  He is more cleverer than his brother. 不可以
               He is more clever than his brother.  (他比他的兄弟要聰明.)
               He is clever than his brother.  (他比他的兄弟要聰明.)

2. 要避免将主语含在比较对象中。
   例如,  China is larger than any country in Asia.  不可以
                    China is larger than any other countries in Asia.
                       (中國比其他的亞洲國家都大.)

3. 要注意对应句型,遵循前后一致的原则。
    The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. (上海人口比北京多.)
    It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.  (計劃比實行要容易.)

作业五十四
下列各句正确吗?  若有错误, 请改正.
1. This is the bestest game I've ever seen.
2. It's more pleasanter out today than it was yesterday.
3. That medicine was less helpful than the other.
4. Will the weather tomorrow really be worser than today?
5. The show was biger and noisyer than ever.
6. I have less homework tonight than last night.


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