54 英翻中 1 Corinthians 7 在基督徒的婚姻上要有智慧 01/05/2025
CHAPTER SIX 1 Corinthians 7 BE WISE ABOUT CHRISTIAN MARRIAGE 第 6 章 哥林多前书 7 在基督徒的婚姻上要有智慧
Up to
this point, Paul had been dealing with the sins reported to be known in the
Corinthian con[1]gregation.
Now he takes up the questions about which they had written to him: marriage (1
Cor. 7:1, 25), food offered to idols (1 Cor. 8:1), spiritual gifts (1 Cor.
12:1), the resurrection of the dead (1 Cor. 15:1), and the missionary offering
for the Jews (1 Cor. 16:1). 到目前为止，保罗一直在处理据报道在哥林多会众中所知道的罪。现在他开始回答他们写给他的问题：婚姻（林前 7:1, 25），祭祀偶像的食物（林前 8:1），属灵恩赐（林前 12:1），死者的复活（林前 15:1），以及为犹太人提供的传教祭（林前 16:1）。
As you
study 1 Corinthians 7, please keep in mind that Paul is replying to definite
questions. He is not spelling out a complete “theology of marriage” in one
chapter. It is necessary to consider as well what the rest of the Bible has to
say about this important subject. 当你学习哥林多前书第 7 章时，请记住保罗是在回答明确的问题。他并没有在一章中阐明完整的“婚姻神学”。有必要考虑圣经其余部分对这个重要主题的看法。
Some
liberal critics have accused Paul of being against both marriage and women.
These accusations are not true, of course. Nor is it true that in 1 Corinthians
7:6, 10, 12, and 25 Paul was disclaiming divine inspiration for what he wrote.
Rather, he was referring to what Jesus taught when He was on earth (Matt.
Paul
explained God’s will concerning Christian marriage, and he addressed his
counsel to three different groups of believers. 保罗解释了上帝对基督徒婚姻的旨意，他向三组不同的信徒提出了他的忠告。
1. Christians Married
to Christians (7:1–11) 1. 基督徒嫁给基督徒（7:1-11）
Apparently
one of the questions the church asked was, “Is celibacy [remaining unmarried]
more spiritual than marriage?” Paul replied that it is good for a man or a
woman to have the gift of celibacy, but the celibate state is not better than
marriage, nor is it the best state for everybody. Dr. Kenneth Wuest translated
Paul’s reply, “It is perfectly proper, honorable, morally befit[1]ting
for a man to live in strict celibacy.” 显然，教会提出的问题之一是，“独身[未婚]比婚姻更属灵吗？”保罗回答说，男人或女人有独身的恩赐是好的，但独身的状态并不比结婚好，也不是对每个人最好的状态。肯尼思·伍斯特博士翻译了保罗的回答：“一个人过严格的独身生活是完全正确、可敬、道德上合适的。”
First
Corinthians 7:6 makes it clear that celibacy is permitted, but it is not
commanded; and 1 Corinthians 7:7 informs us that not everybody has the gift of
remaining celibate. This ties in with our Lord’s teaching in Matthew 19:10–12,
where “eunuchs” refers to those who abstain from marriage. “It is not good that
the man should be alone” (Gen. 2:18) is generally true for most people; but
some have been called to a life of singleness for one reason or another. Their
singleness is not “subspiritual” or “superspiritual.” It all depends on the
will of God. 哥林多前书 7:6 清楚地表明，独身是允许的，但不是命令的。哥林多前书 7:7 告诉我们，并不是每个人都有保持独身的天赋。这与我们主在马太福音 19：10-12 中的教导有关，其中“太监”是指不结婚的人。 “那人独居不好”（创世记 2:18）对大多数人来说通常是正确的。但有些人因为某种原因被召唤过单身生活。他们的单身不是“超灵的”或“超灵的”。这一切都取决于上帝的旨意。
One
purpose for marriage is “to avoid fornication.” First Corinthians 7:2 makes it
clear that God does not approve either of polygamy or homosexual “mar[1]riages.”
One man married to one woman has been God’s pattern from the first. However,
the husband and wife must not abuse the privilege of sexual love that is a
normal part of marriage. The wife’s body belongs to the husband, and the
husband’s body to the wife; and each must be considerate of the other. Sexual
love is a beautiful tool to build with, not a weapon to fight with. To refuse
each other is to commit robbery (see 1 Thess. 4:6) and to invite Satan to tempt
the partners to seek their satisfaction elsewhere. 结婚的目的之一是“避免奸淫”。哥林多前书 7:2 清楚表明，上帝不赞成一夫多妻制或同性恋“婚姻”。一个男人娶一个女人，从一开始就是上帝的模式。但是，夫妻不得滥用作为婚姻正常组成部分的性爱的特权。妻子的身体属于丈夫，丈夫的身体属于妻子；并且每个人都必须考虑对方。性爱是一个美丽的工具，而不是战斗的武器。拒绝对方就是抢劫（见帖前 4:6）并邀请撒旦引诱伴侣到别处寻求满足。
As in all things, the spiritual must govern the physical; for our bodies are God’s temples. The husband and wife may abstain in order to devote their full interest to prayer and fasting (1 Cor. 7:5); but they must not use this as an excuse for prolonged separation. Paul is encouraging Christian partners to be “in tune” with each other in matters both spiritual and physical. 与所有事物一样，精神必须支配物质。因为我们的身体是神的殿。丈夫和妻子可以弃权，以便将全部兴趣投入到祈祷和禁食中（林前 7:5）；但他们绝不能以此为借口长期分开。保罗鼓励基督徒伙伴在属灵和物质方面彼此“协调一致”。
In 1
Corinthians 7:8–9, Paul applied the principle stated in 1 Corinthians 7:1 to
single believers and wid[1]ows:
If you cannot control yourself, then marry. 在哥林多前书 7:8-9 中，保罗将哥林多前书 7:1 中所述的原则应用于单身信徒和寡妇：如果你不能控制自己，就结婚。
Not
only did the church ask about celibacy, but they also asked Paul about divorce.
Since Jesus had dealt with this question, Paul cited His teaching: Husbands and
wives are not to divorce each other (see also 1 Cor.
This
is, of course, the ideal for marriage. Jesus did make one exception: If one
party was guilty of fornication, this could be grounds for divorce. Far better
that there be confession, forgiveness, and reconciliation; but if these are out
of the question, then the innocent party may get a divorce. However, divorce is
the last option; first, every means available should be used to restore the
marriage. 这当然是理想的婚姻。耶稣确实开了一个例外：如果一方犯了奸淫罪，这可能是离婚的理由。认罪、宽恕与和解要好得多；但如果这些都不成问题，那么无辜的一方可能会离婚。然而，离婚是最后的选择；首先，应尽一切可能恢复婚姻。
It has
been my experience as a pastor that when a husband and wife are yielded to the
Lord, and when they seek to please each other in the marriage relationship, the
marriage will be so satisfying that neither partner would think of looking
elsewhere for fulfill[1]ment.
“There are no sex problems in marriage,” a Christian counselor once told me,
“only personality problems with sex as one of the symptoms.” The pres[1]ent
frightening trend of increased divorces among Christians (and even among the
clergy) must break the heart of God. 我作为牧师的经验是，当一对夫妻顺服主，在婚姻关系中寻求彼此取悦时，婚姻会如此令人满意，以至于任何一方都不会想到别处寻求满足. “婚姻中没有性问题，”一位基督教顾问曾经告诉我，“只有以性为症状之一的人格问题。”目前基督徒（甚至神职人员）离婚增加的可怕趋势必然伤透了上帝的心。
2. Christians Married
to Non-Christians (
Some of
the members of the Corinthian church were saved after they had been married,
but their mates had not yet been converted. No doubt, some of these believers
were having a difficult time at home; and they asked Paul, “Must we remain
married to unsaved partners? Doesn’t our conversion alter things?” 哥林多教会的一些成员在结婚后得救了，但他们的配偶还没有悔改。毫无疑问，这些信徒中的一些人在家中度过了一段艰难的时光。他们问保罗：“我们必须继续与未得救的伴侣结婚吗？我们的转变不会改变事情吗？”
Paul
replied that they were to remain with their unconverted mates so long as their
mates were willing to live with them. Salvation does not alter the marriage
state; if anything, it ought to enhance the marriage relationship. (Note
Peter’s counsel to wives with unsaved husbands in 1 Peter 3:1–6.) Since
marriage is basically a physical relationship (“they shall be one flesh,” Gen.
2:24), it can only be broken by a physical cause. Adultery and death would be
two such causes (1 Cor.
It is
an act of disobedience for a Christian knowingly to marry an unsaved person
(note “only in the Lord” in 1 Cor.
What
about the children? Again, the emphasis is on the influence of the godly
partner. The believing husband or wife must not give up. In my own ministry, I
have seen devoted Christians live for Christ in dividedhomes and eventually see
their loved ones trust the Savior. 孩子们呢？同样，重点是敬虔伙伴的影响。信主的丈夫或妻子不能放弃。在我自己的事工中，我看到虔诚的基督徒在分裂的家庭中为基督而活，并最终看到他们所爱的人信靠救主。
Salvation
does not change the marriage state. If the wife’s becoming a Christian annulled
the marriage, then the children in the home would become illegitimate
(“unclean” in 1 Cor.
It is difficult
for us who are accustomed to the Christian faith to realize the impact that
this new doctrine had on the Roman world. Here was a teaching for every person,
regardless of race or social status. The church was perhaps the only assembly
in the
The
principle that Paul laid down was this: Even though Christians are all one in
Christ, each believer should remain in the same calling he was in when the Lord
saved him. Jewish believers should not try to become Gentiles (by erasing the
physical mark of the covenant), and Gentiles should not try to become Jews (by
being circumcised). Slaves should not demand freedom from their Christian
masters, just because of their equality in Christ. However, Paul did advise
Christian slaves to secure their freedom if at all possible, probably by
purchase. This same principle would apply to Christians married to unsaved
mates. 保罗提出的原则是：即使基督徒在基督里都合而为一，但每个信徒都应该保持与主拯救他时相同的呼召。犹太信徒不应该试图成为外邦人（通过抹去圣约的物理标记），外邦人也不应该试图成为犹太人（通过受割礼）。奴隶不应该仅仅因为他们在基督里的平等而要求他们的基督徒主人获得自由。然而，保罗确实建议基督徒奴隶尽可能通过购买来获得自由。同样的原则也适用于与未得救配偶结婚的基督徒。
But
suppose the unsaved mate leaves the home? First Corinthians
Does
separation then give the Christian mate the right to divorce and remarriage?
Paul did not say so. What if the unconverted mate ends up living with another
partner? That would constitute adultery and give grounds for divorce. But even
then, 1 Corinthians 7:10–11 would encourage forgiveness and restoration. Paul
did not deal with every possible situation. He laid down spiritual principles,
not a list of rules. 那么分居是否赋予基督徒配偶离婚和再婚的权利？保罗没有这么说。如果未皈依的配偶最终与另一个伴侣生活在一起怎么办？这将构成通奸并成为离婚的理由。但即便如此，哥林多前书 7:10-11 也会鼓励宽恕和恢复。保罗没有处理所有可能的情况。他制定了精神原则，而不是规则清单。
We are
prone to think that a change in circum[1]stances
is always the answer to a problem. But the problem is usually within us and not
around us. The heart of every problem is the problem in the heart. I have
watched couples go through divorce and seek happiness in new circumstances,
only to discover that they carried their problems with them. A Christian lawyer
once told me, “About the only people who profit from divorces are the
attorneys!” 我们倾向于认为环境的改变总是问题的答案。但问题通常在我们内部，而不是在我们周围。每个问题的核心都是内心的问题。我看过夫妻离婚并在新的环境中寻求幸福，却发现他们带着他们的问题。一位基督徒律师曾经告诉我，“只有律师才能从离婚中获利！”
3. Unmarried
Christians (
Paul
had already addressed a brief word to this group in 1 Corinthians 7:8–9, but in
this closing section of the chapter, he went into greater detail. Their
question was, “Must a Christian get married? What about the unmarried women in
the church who are not getting any younger?” (see 1 Cor. 7:36). Perhaps Paul
addressed this section primarily to the parents of marriageable girls. Since
Jesus did not give any special teaching on this topic, Paul gave his counsel as
one taught of the Lord. He asked them to consider several factors when they
made their decision about marriage. 保罗已经在哥林多前书 7:8-9 中向这群人讲了一个简短的话，但在本章的结尾部分，他更详细地讲了话。他们的问题是：“基督徒必须结婚吗？教会里那些没有变年轻的未婚女性怎么办？” （见 1 Cor. 7:36）。或许保罗主要针对已婚女孩的父母讲这部分内容。由于耶稣没有就这个话题给出任何特别的教导，所以保罗给出了他的忠告，作为主所教导的人。他要求他们在决定结婚时考虑几个因素。
First,
consider the present circumstances (vv. 25–31). It was a time of distress (1
Cor.
This
did not mean that nobody should get married; but those who do marry must be
ready to accept the trials that will accompany it (1 Cor.
To
consider the circumstances is good counsel for engaged people today. The
average age for first-time brides and grooms is climbing, which suggests that
couples are waiting longer to get married. In my pas[1]toral premarital
counseling, I used to remind couples that the cheapest thing in a wedding was
the marriage license. From then on, the prices would go up! 对于当今敬业的人来说，考虑环境是很好的建议。第一次结婚的新娘和新郎的平均年龄正在攀升，这表明夫妻等待结婚的时间更长。在牧师的婚前辅导中，我曾经提醒夫妻，婚礼中最便宜的东西就是结婚证。从此，物价上涨！
Second,
face the responsibilities honestly (vv. 32–35). The emphasis in this paragraph
is on the word care, which means “to be anxious, to be pulled in different
directions.” It is impossible for two people to live together without burdens
of one kind or another, but there is no need to rush into marriage and create
more problems. Marriage requires a measure of maturity, and age is no guarantee
of maturity. 第二，诚实地面对责任（32-35 节）。这一段的重点是关心这个词，意思是“焦虑，被拉向不同的方向”。两个人不可能没有一种或另一种负担的生活在一起，但没有必要贸然结婚，制造更多的问题。婚姻需要一定程度的成熟度，而年龄并不能保证成熟度。
Once
again, Paul emphasized living for the Lord. He did not suggest that it was
impossible for a man or a woman to be married and serve God acceptably, because
we know too many people who have done it. But the married servant of God must
consider his or her mate, as well as the children God may give them; and this
could lead to distraction. It is a fact of history that both John Wesley and
George Whitefield might have been better off had they remained single—Wesley’s
wife finally left him, and Whitefield traveled so much that his wife was often
alone for long periods of time. 保罗再一次强调为主而活。他并没有暗示男人或女人不可能结婚并可接受地侍奉上帝，因为我们知道有太多人这样做了。但上帝的已婚仆人必须考虑他或她的配偶，以及上帝可能赐给他们的孩子；这可能会导致分心。历史事实是，如果约翰·卫斯理和乔治·怀特菲尔德保持单身，他们可能会过得更好——卫斯理的妻子终于离开了他，而怀特菲尔德经常旅行，以至于他的妻子经常独自一人很长一段时间。
It is
possible to please both the Lord and your mate, if you are yielded to Christ
and obeying the Word. Many of us have discovered that a happy home and satisfying
marriage are a wonderful encouragement in the difficulties of Christian
service. A well-known Scottish preacher was experiencing a great
deal of public criticism because of a stand he took on a certain issue, and
almost every day there was a negative report in the newspapers. A friend met
him one day and asked, “How are you able to carry on in the face of this
opposition?” The man replied quietly, “I am happy at home.” 如果你顺服基督并顺服神的话语，你就有可能同时取悦主和你的配偶。我们中的许多人都发现，幸福的家庭和美满的婚姻是基督徒服务困难中的极好鼓励。一位著名的苏格兰传教士因为在某个问题上的立场而饱受舆论的批评，几乎每天都有报刊上的负面报道。有一天，一位朋友遇到他，问他：“面对这种反对，你怎么能坚持下去？”男人轻声回答：“我在家很开心。”
Unmarried
believers who feel a call to serve God should examine their own hearts to see
if marriage will help or hinder their ministry. They must also be careful to
wed mates who feel a like call to serve God. Each person has his own gift and
calling from God and must be obedient to His Word. 未婚的信徒，如果感到蒙召服侍上帝，应该审视自己的内心，看看婚姻是帮助还是阻碍他们的事工。他们还必须小心地与那些感受到类似呼召服务上帝的配偶结婚。每个人都有自己的天赋和来自上帝的呼召，必须服从他的话语。
Third,
each situation is unique (vv. 36–38). Paul addressed here the fathers of the
unmarried girls. In that day, it was the parents who arranged the marriages,
the father in particular (2 Cor. 11:2). Paul had already said in 1 Corinthians
7:35 that he was not laying down an ironclad rule for everybody to follow,
regardless of circumstances. Now he made it clear that the father had freedom
of choice whether or not he would give his daughter in marriage. 第三，每种情况都是独一无二的（36-38 节）。保罗在这里向未婚女孩的父亲讲话。在那一天，安排婚姻的是父母，尤其是父亲（林后 11:2）。保罗在哥林多前书
I have
noticed that often in churches marriages come in “packs.” One couple gets
engaged and before long four couples are engaged. If all of these engagements
are in the will of God, it can be a very exciting and wonderful experience; but
I fear that some couples get engaged just to keep up with the crowd. Sometimes
in Christian colleges, couples get what I call “senior panic” and rush out of
engagement and into marriage immediately after graduation, lest they be left
“waiting at the church.” Sad to say, not all of these marriages are successful. 我注意到，在教堂里，婚姻经常是“成群结队”的。一对夫妇订婚，不久就有四对夫妇订婚。如果所有这些参与都在上帝的旨意中，那将是一次非常令人兴奋和美妙的经历；但我担心有些夫妇订婚只是为了跟上人群。有时在基督教大学里，夫妻们得到我所说的“高级恐慌”，毕业后立即退出订婚并结婚，以免他们被留在“教堂等待”。可悲的是，并非所有这些婚姻都是成功的。
Even
though our modern approach to dating and marriage was completely foreign to the
Corinthians, the counsel Paul gave them still applies today. It is a wise thing
for couples to counsel with their parents and with their Christian leaders in
the church, lest they rush into something which afterward they regret. 尽管我们现代的约会和婚姻方式对哥林多人来说是完全陌生的，但保罗给他们的忠告今天仍然适用。对于夫妻来说，与父母和教会中的基督徒领袖商量是明智之举，以免他们贸然做出让自己后悔的事情。
Paul
hit on a key problem in 1 Corinthians
Each
situation is unique, and parents and children must seek the Lord’s will. It
takes more than two Christian people to make a happy marriage. Not every
marriage that is scriptural is necessarily sensible. 每种情况都是独一无二的，父母和孩子必须寻求主的旨意。幸福的婚姻需要两个以上的基督徒。并非每一个合乎圣经的婚姻都一定是明智的。
Finally,
remember that marriage is for life (vv. 39–40). It is God’s will that the
marriage union be permanent, a lifetime commitment. There is no place in
Christian marriage for a “trial marriage,” nor is there any room for the
“escape hatch” attitude: “If the marriage doesn’t work, we can always get a
divorce.” 最后，记住婚姻是终生的（39-40 节）。上帝的旨意是婚姻是永久的，是一生的承诺。基督教婚姻中没有“试婚”的容身之地，也没有“逃生”的态度：“如果婚姻不成功，我们总是可以离婚。”
For
this reason, marriage must be built on something sturdier than good looks,
money, romantic excitement, and social acceptance. There must be Christian
commitment, character, and maturity. There must be a willingness to grow, to
learn from each other, to forgive and forget, to minister to one another. The
kind of love Paul described in 1 Corinthians 13 is what is needed to cement two
lives together. 出于这个原因，婚姻必须建立在比美貌、金钱、浪漫的兴奋和社会认可更牢固的东西上。必须有基督徒的承诺、品格和成熟。必须有一种成长的意愿，互相学习，原谅和忘记，互相服侍。保罗在哥林多前书第 13 章所描述的那种爱是巩固两个生命所需要的。
Paul
closed the section by telling the widows that they were free to marry, but
“only in the Lord” (1 Cor.
God has
put “walls” around marriage, not to make it a prison, but to make it a safe
fortress. The person who considers marriage a prison should not get married.
When two people are lovingly and joyfully committed to each other—and to their
Lord—the experience of marriage is one of enrichment and enlargement. They grow
together and discover the richness of serving the Lord as a team in their home
and church. 上帝在婚姻周围设置了“墙”，不是为了让它成为监狱，而是让它成为一个安全的堡垒。认为婚姻是监狱的人不应该结婚。当两个人充满爱和喜悦地彼此委身——以及他们的主——婚姻的经历就是一种充实和扩大。他们一起成长，并发现在他们的家庭和教会中作为一个团队服侍主的丰富性。
As you
review this chapter, you cannot help but be impressed with the seriousness of
marriage. Paul’s counsel makes it clear that God takes marriage seriously, and
that we cannot disobey God’s Word without suffering painful consequences. While
both Paul and Jesus leave room for divorce under certain conditions, this can
never be God’s first choice for a couple. God hates divorce (Mal.
While a
person’s marital failure may hinder him from serving as a pastor or deacon (1
Tim. 3:2, 12), it need not keep him from ministering in other ways. Some of the
best personal soul-winners I have known have been men who, before their
conversion, had the unfortunate experience of divorce. A man does not have to
hold an office in order to have a ministry. 虽然一个人的婚姻失败可能会阻碍他担任牧师或执事（提前 3:2, 12），但这并不一定会阻止他以其他方式施助。我所知道的一些最能赢得个人灵魂的人是在他们皈依之前有过不幸的离婚经历的人。一个人不必担任职务才能从事事工。
In
summary, each person must ask himself or herself the following questions if
marriage is being contemplated: 总之，如果正在考虑结婚，每个人都必须问自己以下问题：
1. What is my gift from God? 1. 上帝给我的礼物是什么？
2. Am I marrying a believer? 2. 我嫁给信徒了吗？
3. Are the circumstances such that marriage is right? 3. 婚姻是否合适？
4. How will marriage affect my service for Christ? 4. 婚姻将如何影响我为基督服务？
5. Am I prepared to enter into this union for life? 5. 我准备好终生加入这个联盟了吗？
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