126英语语法应用(十三)

     

126英语语法应用(十三)   写有效的句子(三)  writing an effective sentence   5/20/2015

什么是有效的句子?  是简洁, 意念完整, 没有错误, 和强而有力的句子.

例如 :

       I am very like listen music, listen music can reduce pleasure (pressure).

       I do like listening to the music, because my tenseness will be relaxed. 

           (修正,  “我很喜爱听音乐, 因它可松弛我紧张的情绪”)

      该句子是国内高中学生写的.  不是有效的句子.  因为不合上述的有效句子的范畴. 第一 : 拼错了字, 把 “pressure”写成“pleasure”.  这是国内喜爱学英语的年青朋友常犯的毛病. 原因是出于发音的问题.  第二 : 英语语法. 词类错误 “like” 当介词时, 必须后面接名词当作宾语, 改为用动名词短语 “listening to the music” 做宾语.  第三 : “listen music can reduce pleasure” 这是一句中文式的英文独立子句, 有两个动词 “can reduce  和 listen”.  可以改为两句独立句子, 但不如变化为一从属子句 “because my tenseness will be relaxed” 后面加上强有力的动词短语“will be relaxed” 较为妥善.

造句练习是锻练写作能力的基础.   包括：不要拼错字; 了解词汇不只有单一的意义;认识不同词类的功能; 彻底明白主词与动词的关系; 动词与宾词的关系; 以及英语语法中再三加重说明的句子的结构型式.

下列这句子是有效的句子.  它简洁, 意念完整, 没有错误.

I went to store to buy bread for breakfast this morning. 

该句子的分析:  是单句第五类 : 主语为单一主词,  其述语为“be” 或 “linking” 动词 + 补足语(用来补足动词的意义).

 主语                                               述                                       语

 主词     动词                副        词      用       来        足            语

                       无限式短语        无限式短语       介词短语            修饰短语 

    I        went     to store             to buy bread     for breakfast          this morning.

 

    [注] : 介词短语修饰 “bread” , 其它都是修饰动词 “went”.

分辨不完整的和不间断的句子. 

例如 :

            Running along the bank of the shallow creek.   不完整的句子.

习题 一百二十九

请细读下列各句子, 若是完整的句子, 注明为“完整的”; 否则写“不完整的”.

1. Science Technology Associates creating multimedia science products. 
     范例: 不完整的

2. Miss Wang needs a new ink cartridge for her printer.                             
     范例: 完整的

3. A new art exhibit from January 1 until March 15. 

4. When he went to the new restaurant, Mr. Wang ordered chicken salad. 

5. A line of cars miles long.

6. We played checkers first; then we played chess. 

7. Because there is an expiration date.

8. The rocks on the beach were very smooth. 

9. Children swimming and playing in the river.

习题 一百三十

请细读下列各句子, 若是完整的句子, 不必更正; 否则, 更正如下例.

    例如 : 

 When we left the soccer field.

 It was still morning when we left the soccer field.

1. Fixed the smoke detector in the hall.

2. A new picture taken for his passport.

3. Born in Taipei, Taiwan, in the autumn of 1930.

4. Ruth tried out her new in-line skates today.

5. Playing basketball with friends from the neighborhood.

6. Wasn’t that an exciting and pleasant surprise?

7. Because that high school has a new athletic program for students with disabilities.

8. The new movie about dinosaurs on Tuesday.

9. By the time the clowns arrived, the party was almost over.

10. Is a good role model?

分辨不间断 (run on)的句子

例: 

         On Saturday I went to the park to walk my dog and play

              soccer with my friends, they were visiting from out of

              town for the weekend.

                ( 不间断的句子)

习题一百三十一

请细读下列各句子, 若是正确的句子, 注明为“正确的”; 否则写“不间断的”.

1. All of my friends went to the concert last Saturday, and I could not go.  
       范例 : 正确的

2. The athletes swam, biked, and ran, I bet they slept well that night. 
       范例: 不间断的

3. The villagers work together when it is time to harvest the crops.

4. After the storm, the porch was covered with leaves and sticks.

5. It was a hot summer day, Mr. Chang played in the pool.

6. Our next-door neighbor rang the doorbell our dog barked.

7. If we don’t hurry, we’ll be late for the play, we won’t be allowed to enter until 
    the first intermission.

8. Mr. Chen realized he had no pen he asked Mr. Chang if he could borrow one.

9. After falling asleep on the sofa, the children were carried to bed by their parents.

习题一百三十二

请细读下列各句子, 若是正确的句子, 不必更正; 否则更正.

    例如 :

  Thunder roared and rumbled lightning flashed across the dark skies.

              (更正 Thunder roared and rumbled, and lightning flashed across the dark 
              skies或Thunder roared and rumbled; lightning flashed across the dark skies.)

1. John wants to ask Ruth to the dance, he does not know if she already has a date.

2. The math problems in the homework assignment were easy there were too 
    many of them.

3. Five golfers from Madison High School were chosen for the tournament, this
    will be the first tournament for three of them.

4. Radio waves travel at the speed of light they can go through many solid 
    objects, including the walls of most buildings.

5. My mother supports the incumbent candidate for treasurer my father will 
    vote for the challenger.

6. The largest province in Canada is Quebec, the capital of the province is Quebec City.

7. Mary wanted to learn how to stencil, she enrolled in a stenciling course at the library.