94修饰语的比较级(二)

英语语法进深──博客

94修饰语的比较级(二):                                                                               8/12/2014

可在比较级修饰语前加一些副词来增强它的修饰功用, 如, 在肯定句及请求或建议的问句中加上a bit, a little, rather, some 和在否定句或疑问句中加any表示 “稍稍，一点”, 还有用much, far, a great 和 a good deal, a lot, lots, a good bit等表示  “……得多”；及用 still 在肯定句等.

much, a lot, far (同a lot), a bit, a little, slightly (同 a little)可以放在比较级的修饰语前, 增加其修饰的功能.  也就是有中文“更加...”的意念.

    例如 :

           Let's go by car. It's much cheaper. (或写如,  It's a lot cheaper. ‘更加便宜’)

           Don't go by train. It's a lot more expensive. (或写如,‘It's much more ....’)

           Could you speak a bit more slowly? (或写如, ... speak a little more slowly?)

           This bag is slightly heavier than the other one.

           Her illness was far more serious than we thought at first.

       (或写如,   ... much more serious... 或 ... a lot more serious ... )

     [注] : little 和 a little 用法不同, 前者的意义是否定的, 等于 “not much",  表示在其

后的修饰语 “不很, 不甚, 不大”的意思.

       例如 :

                  I am little interested in your proposition.  (我对你的提议 ‘不很’ 感兴趣.)

any 和 no 加在比较级修饰语前, 如, any longer 和 no bigger 等, 更加肯定的表示它比较的功能.

     例如 :

   I've waited long enough. I'm not waiting any longer. 
                 (同 not even a little longer)

               We expected their house to be very big, but it's no bigger than ours.

       (或写作,  it isn't any bigger than ours. ‘并不比我的家大多少’)

               Yesterday you said you felt ill. Do you feel any better today?

                   (昨日你说病了.  今天感觉得好点吗?)

               This hotel is better than the other one and it's no more expensive.

harder and harder, more and more 和 more and more difficult 等比较级修饰短语用在累积的比较情况中, 如中文“越..越...” 在英语口语中用得非常普遍, 请务必熟悉它们的用法.

例如 :

  It's becoming harder and harder to find a job.  (越来越不容易寻找职业.)

              It's becoming more and more difficult to find a job.

              Your English is improving. It's getting better and better.

              These days more and more people are learning English.  

                   (近日来, 越来越多的人学英语.)

the ... the better 若把另一比较级的修饰语填入该短语的空格中,可显示它是在与一件所谈的事物比较, 非常简洁.  使用这种型式的比较级修饰语很寻常, 很好用, 请多多仿效.

    例如 :

              “What time shall we leave?”'  “The sooner the better.”

      (同 as soon as possible ‘越快越好’ 它是与目前所谈的 ‘出发’ 的事来比较)

              “What sort of box do you want? A big one?”  “Yes, the bigger the better.”

                  (同 as big as possible ‘越大越好’ 它是与目前所谈的盒子的事件来比较)

              When you're traveling, the less luggage you have to carry the better.

                  (同 it is best to have as little luggage as possible)

the ... the ... 若把两个比较级修饰语的字填入该短语的两个空格中, 表明其互相的关系, 或它与所依靠的某事物比较.

例如 :

The warmer the weather, the better I feel.

      (同 if the weather is warmer, I feel better.天气温暖点, 我会感觉舒服些)

            The sooner we leave, the sooner we will arrive. 
            (快点出发, 可能我们会快点到.)

            The younger you are, the easier it is to learn.  (愈年轻, 愈容易学.)

            The more expensive the hotel, the better the service. 
            (越服务周到的旅馆, 越贵.) 

习题九十

     试将下列中文翻译成英语.  英语翻成中文.

1.      越急越做不完.

2.      心情越快乐, 身体越健康.

3.      越便宜的旅馆, 越糟.

4.      The more electricity you use, the higher your bill will be.

      5.   The more I thought about the plan, the less I liked it.

习题九十一

     试用 harder and harder, more and more 和 more and more difficult….的短语型式, 填入下列各句以完成之.

  1. It's becoming harder and harder to find a job.   (hard)                      范例

  2. As the conversation went on, he became more and more talkative . 
          (talkative) 范例

  3. My bags seemed to get _____ as I carried them. (heavy)

  4. As I waited for my interview, I became _____. (nervous)

  5. As the day went on, the weather got _____. (bad)

  6. Travelling is becoming _____. (expensive)

  7. Since she has been in China, her Chinese has got _____. (good)

  8. That hole in your pullover is getting_____. (big)

older 和 elder 的用法不一样, 前者可用于任何比较级的修饰语; 而后者只实用于家中的人.  中国学生常常在这地方出错.

   例如 :

  Tom looks older than he really is.

但是涉及到家庭里的人的比较时, 如,  (my) elder brother, sister , son 和 daughter 等, 要用 elder.

    例如 :

   My elder brother is a pilot. (或 My older brother ...)

    [注] :  可是我们说,  “my elder brother” ; 但不能说  “somebody is elder ...”.

               又如,  My brother is older than me. (不能写 'elder than me')

习题九十二

      试选择下列各句的正确的字, 保留没有错误的各句.

  1. My older 或 elder brother is a pilot. (older 和 elder 都正确)          范例

  2. I'm surprised Ruth is only 25. I thought she was older 或 elder.

  3. Sarah's younger sister is still at school. Her older 或 elder sister is a nurse.

  4 Nathan is older 或 elder than his brother

                 请将习题寄至       swlei2011@gmail.com