78 有用和不用 “The” 的专有名词(proper nouns)

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 78  有用和不用 “The” 的专有名词(proper nouns)                                        5/31/2014

正确使用定冠词应该是学好英语语法的必经的途径.  根据编辑者多年的研习英语语法的经验, 认为必须要全力以赴的去学习正确使用定冠词, 没有任何的捷径可寻.  若希望能随心所欲的撰写英语论文 , 就必须对它的一些习惯用法加以熟悉不可.  在英语研究有成的前辈们曾一再提出如何达到这目的方法 : 第一是“背”; 其次是投资购买一本较贵的“英语辞典”. 于本讲中仅仅提出一些关于有用和不用 “The”的专有名词的例子, 供喜好学习英语语法的我国年轻的朋友们参考应用.

不常用 "The" 在一些人的名字前. 例如,  Ann; Ann Taylor 等.  同样的在洲, 国家, 湖, 海湾, 海峡, 大学, 都市, 及街道等名字的前面也不常用它:

1.   湖, 海湾, 和 海峡 :

例如,    Lake Michigan;   Hudson Bay;    Baffin Bay;    Hudson Strait 等.

2.   山峰 :

例如,   Mount Carmel;                 Mount Everest等.

3.      洲, 国家, 都市, 和 街道 :

         例如,  洲 : Europe;   Asia;   Africa;   North America等.

                    国家 : China;   Russia;   England等.

都市 : Shanghai;   Chicago;   London;   Taipei等.

街道 : Geneva Main Street; Fifth Avenue; Central Park; Times Square等.

4.   大学, 和 学院 :

例如,  Oxford University;                     Columbia University; 

           Yenching (燕京) University 等.

  

但是用 "The" 在下列的专有名字之前: 

1.      洋, 和 江河之名之前

       例如,    the Atlantic (Ocean);        the Pacific (Ocean)

                    the Yangtze;                      the river Jordan;

                    the Suez Canal 等.

2.      山脉,  群岛, 半岛的名字:

        例如,   the Malay Peninsula;        the Philippine Island.

                    the Rock Mountains;        the Alps  等.

3.  附有介词短语的专有名词:

        例如,   the University of Chicago                the Republic of China

                    the Province of Shansi (陕西)         the District of Columbia

                    the Gulf of Mexico;                         the Gulf of California  等.    

4.  名词前加形容单词(adjectival word) 而成的专有名词:

          例如,    the Ming Dynasty                                   the United States

                       the South Manchuria Railway                 the Imperial Theatre

                       the Peking Union Medical College          the Forbidden City  等.

习题五十五

      若下列各句是正确的, 空着­___ 不填, 否则填入需要的定冠词:

  1. Who is ___ Doctor Johnson? (正确, 不要 the.)     范例

  2. I was ill, so I went to see ___ doctor.

  3. ___ President is the most powerful person in ___ United States.

  4. ___ President Kennedy was assassinated in 1963.

  5. Do you know ___  Professor Brown's phone number?

习题五十六

     试改正下列各句中的错误(加入须要的定冠词).  若没有错误就注明 (正确).

  1. Everest was first climbed in 1953.    (正确)        范例

  2. Milan is in north of Italy.  (the north of Italy.)       范例

  3. Africa is much larger than Europe.

  4. Last year I visited Mexico and United States.

  5. South of England is warmer than north.

  6. Portugal is in western Europe.

  7. France and Britain are separated by Channel.

  8. Jim has traveled a lot in Middle East.

  9. Chicago is on Lake Michigan.

  10. Next year we are going skiing in Swiss Alps.

  11. United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

 

习题五十七

      试选择正确的形式, 用或不用 “the” :

  1. Have you ever been to British Museum/the British Museum. 
           (the ..是正确) 范例

  2. Hyde Park/The Hyde Park is a very large park in central London.

  3. Another park in central London is St James's Park/the St James's Park.

  4. Grand Hotel/The Grand Hotel is in Baker Street/the Baker Street.

  5. Stephen is a student at Liverpool University/the Liverpool University.

  6. If you're looking for a good hotel, I would recommend Ship Inn/the Ship Inn.

  7. Statue of Liberty/The Statue of Liberty is at the entrance to 
          New York harbor/the New York harbor.

  8. I'd like to go to China and see Great Wall/the Great Wall.