118 (約第11章) The last miracle — the last enemy 最後的神蹟—最後的敵人 7/22/2025
CHAPTER ELEVEN 第11課 John 11 約翰福音第11章 THE LAST MIRACLE—THE LAST ENEMY 最後的神蹟—最後的敵人
The raising of Lazarus from the dead was not our Lord’s last miracle before the cross, but it was certainly His greatest and the one that aroused the most response both from His friends and His enemies. John selected this miracle as the seventh in the series recorded in his book because it was really the climactic miracle of our Lord’s earthly ministry. He had raised others from the dead, but Lazarus had been in the grave four days. It was a miracle that could not be denied or avoided by the Jewish leaders. 使拉撒路從死裡復活並非主耶穌在十字架前所行的最後一個神蹟，但卻無疑是祂最偉大的神蹟，也引起了祂的朋友和敵人最強烈的反響。約翰選擇這個神蹟作為他所記載的一系列神蹟中的第七個，因為它實際上是主耶穌在世事奉的巔峰之作。祂曾經使其他人從死裡復活，但拉撒路在墳墓裡已經四天了。這是一個猶太領袖無法否認或迴避的神蹟。
If Jesus Christ can do nothing about death, then whatever else He can do amounts to nothing. “If in this life only we have hope in Christ, we are of all men most miserable” (1 Cor. 15:19). Death is man’s last enemy (1 Cor. 15:26), but Jesus Christ has defeated this horrible enemy totally and permanently. 如果耶穌基督對死亡無能為力，那麼祂所能做的一切也毫無意義。 「我們若靠基督，只在今生有指望，就算比眾人更可憐」（哥林多前書 15:19）。死亡是人類最後的敵人（哥林多前書 15:26），但耶穌基督已經徹底且永久地戰勝了這個可怕的敵人。
The emphasis in John 11 is on faith; you find some form of the word believe at least eight times in this account. Another theme is “the glory of God” (John 11:4, 40). In what Jesus said and did, He sought to strengthen the faith of three groups of people The raising of Lazarus from the dead was not our Lord’s last miracle before the cross, but it was certainly His greatest and the one that aroused the most response both from His friends and His enemies. John selected this miracle as the seventh in the series recorded in his book because it was really the climactic miracle of our Lord’s earthly ministry. He had raised others from the dead, but Lazarus had been in the grave four days. It was a miracle that could not be denied or avoided by the Jewish leaders. 約翰福音第11章強調的是信心；你會在這段記述中至少八次發現「相信」這個字。另一個主題是「神的榮耀」（約翰福音 11:4, 40）。耶穌的言行旨在堅固三類人的信心。使拉撒路從死裡復活並非主耶穌在十字架前所行的最後一個神蹟，但卻無疑是祂最偉大的神蹟，也引起了祂的朋友和敵人最強烈的反響。約翰選擇這個神蹟作為他所記載的一系列神蹟中的第七個，因為它實際上是主耶穌在世事奉的巔峰之作。祂曾經使其他人從死裡復活，但拉撒路在墳墓裡已經四天了。這是一個猶太領袖無法否認或迴避的神蹟。
If Jesus Christ can do nothing about death, then whatever else He can do amounts to nothing. “If in this life only we have hope in Christ, we are of all men most miserable” (1 Cor. 15:19). Death is man’s last enemy (1 Cor. 15:26), but Jesus Christ has defeated this horrible enemy totally and permanently. 如果耶穌基督對死亡無能為力，那麼祂所能做的一切也毫無意義。 「我們若靠基督，只在今生有指望，就算比眾人更可憐」（哥林多前書 15:19）。死亡是人類最後的敵人（哥林多前書 15:26），但耶穌基督已經徹底且永久地戰勝了這個可怕的敵人。
The emphasis in John 11 is on faith; you find some form of the word believe at least eight times in this account. Another theme is “the glory of God” (John 11:4, 40). In what Jesus said and did, He sought to strengthen the faith of three groups of people 約翰福音第11章強調的是信心；你會在這段記述中至少八次發現「相信」這個字。另一個主題是「神的榮耀」（約翰福音 11:4, 40）。耶穌的言行旨在堅固三類人的信心。
The Disciples (11:1–16) 門徒（11:1-16） We sometimes think of the disciples as “supersaints,” but such was not the case. They often failed their Lord, and He was constantly seeking to increase their faith. After all, one day He would leave them and they would have the responsibility of carrying on the ministry. If their faith was weak, their work could never be strong. 我們有時認為門徒是“超級聖徒”，但事實並非如此。他們常常辜負他們的主，而祂一直在努力增強他們的信心。畢竟，總有一天祂會離開他們，而他們將肩負繼續事奉的責任。如果他們的信心軟弱，他們的事工就永遠不會堅固。
Jesus was at Bethabara, about twenty miles from Bethany (John 1:28; 10:40). One day, a messenger arrived with the sad news that our Lord’s dear friend Lazarus was sick. If the man had traveled quickly, with out any delay, he could have made the trip in one day. Jesus sent him back the next day with the encouraging message recorded in John 11:4. Then Jesus waited two more days before He left for Bethany, and by the time Heand His disciples arrived, Lazarus had been dead for four days. This means that Lazarus had died the very day the messenger left to contact Jesus! 耶穌當時在伯大尼，離伯大尼約二十英里（約翰福音 1:28；10:40）。有一天，一位信差帶來一個不幸的消息，說我們主親愛的朋友拉撒路病了。如果這個人趕快出發，不耽擱，他一天就能趕到。第二天，耶穌就讓他帶著約翰福音 11:4 記載的令人鼓舞的信息回去。耶穌又等了兩天才動身前往伯大尼。當他和門徒到達時，拉撒路已經死了四天了。這意味著，就在使者去聯絡耶穌的那天，拉撒路已經死了！ The Disciples (11:1–16) We sometimes think of the disciples as “supersaints,” but such was not the case. They often failed their Lord, and He was constantly seeking to increase their faith. After all, one day He would leave them and they would have the responsibility of carrying on the ministry. If their faith was weak, their work could never be strong. 門徒（11:1-16） 我們有時認為門徒是“超級聖徒”，但事實並非如此。他們常常辜負他們的主，而祂一直在努力加增他們的信心。畢竟，總有一天祂會離開他們，而他們要肩負繼續傳道的責任。如果他們的信心軟弱，他們的工作就永遠不會有力。
Jesus was at Bethabara, about twenty miles from Bethany (John 1:28; 10:40). One day, a messenger arrived with the sad news that our Lord’s dear friend Lazarus was sick. If the man had traveled quickly, with out any delay, he could have made the trip in one day. Jesus sent him back the next day with the encouraging message recorded in John 11:4. Then Jesus waited two more days before He left for Bethany, and by the time Heand His disciples arrived, Lazarus had been dead for four days. This means that Lazarus had died the very day the messenger left to contact Jesus! 耶穌當時在伯大尼，離伯大尼大約二十英里（約翰福音1:28；10:40）。有一天，一個信差帶來一個壞消息，說我們主親愛的朋友拉撒路生病了。如果這個人趕快出發，不耽擱，他一天就能趕到。第二天，耶穌要他帶著約翰福音11:4所記載的鼓舞人心的信息回去。耶穌又等了兩天才動身前往伯大尼。當他和門徒到達時，拉撒路已經死了四天了。這意味著拉撒路正是在信差出發去見耶穌的那天去世的！
The schedule of events would look something like this, allowing one day for travel: 事件的安排大致如下，預留一天時間出遊：
Day 1—The messenger comes to Jesus (Lazarus dies). 第一天－使者來到耶穌那裡（拉撒路死了）。
Day 2—The messenger returns to Bethany. 第二天－使者返回伯大尼。
Day 3—Jesus waits another day, then departs. 第三天——耶穌又等了一天，然後離開。
Day 4—Jesus arrives in Bethany. 第四天－耶穌到達伯大尼。
When the messenger arrived back home, he would find Lazarus already dead. What would his message convey to the grieving sisters now that their brother was already dead and buried? Jesus was urging them to believe His word no matter how discouraging the cir cumstances might appear. 當使者回到家時，他發現拉撒路已經死了。既然她們的兄弟已經死了並埋葬了，他的訊息會向悲傷的姊妹傳達什麼呢？耶穌敦促她們，無論情況看起來多麼令人沮喪，都要相信祂的話。
No doubt the disciples were perplexed about several matters. First of all, if Jesus loved Lazarus so much, why did He permit him to get sick? Even more, why did He delay to go to the sisters? For that matter, could He not have healed Lazarus at a distance, as He did the nobleman’s son (John 4:43–54)? The record makes it clear that there was a strong love relationship between Jesus and this family (John 11:3, 5, 36), and yet our Lord’s behavior seems to contradict this love. 毫無疑問，門徒們對幾個問題感到困惑。首先，如果耶穌如此愛拉撒路，為什麼祂允許他生病？更重要的是，為什麼祂遲遲不去探望她們？再說，祂難道不能像醫治大臣的兒子那樣，遠遠地醫治拉撒路嗎（約翰福音4:43-54）？聖經記載清楚地表明，耶穌和這個家庭之間有著深厚的愛（約翰福音11:3, 5, 36），然而我們主的行為似乎與這份愛相悖。
God’s love for His own is not a pampering love; it is a perfecting love. The fact that He loves us and we love Him is no guarantee that we will be sheltered from the problems and pains of life. After all, the Father loves His Son: and yet the Father permitted His beloved Son to drink the cup of sorrow and experience the shame and pain of the cross. We must never think that love and suffering are incompatible. Certainly they unite in Jesus Christ. 上帝對祂子民的愛並非溺愛，而是一種完全的愛。祂愛我們，我們愛祂，但這並不能保證我們免於生活中的困境和痛苦。畢竟，父愛祂的兒子：然而，父卻允許祂的愛子喝下憂愁的杯，經歷十字架的羞辱和痛苦。我們絕不能認為愛與苦難是互不相容的。它們無疑在耶穌基督裡合而為一。 Jesus could have prevented Lazarus’ sickness or even healed it from where He was, but He chose not to. He saw in this sickness an opportunity to glorify the Father. It is not important that we Christians are com fortable, but it is important that we glorify God in all that we do. 耶穌本可以阻止拉撒路的疾病，甚至在祂所在的地方治愈他，但祂選擇不這樣做。祂認為這疾病是榮耀天父的機會。我們基督徒過得舒服並不重要，重要的是我們要在我們所做的一切事上榮耀上帝。
In their “prayer” to Jesus, the two sisters did not tell Him what to do. They simply informed Him that there was a need, and they reminded Him of His love for Lazarus. They knew that it was dangerous for Jesus to return to Judea because the Jewish leaders were out to destroy Him. Perhaps they hoped that He would “speak the word” and their brother would be restored to health. Our Lord’s message to the sisters did not say that their brother would not die. It promised only that death would not be the ultimate result, for the ultimate result would be the glory of God. (Note that once again, Jesus called Himself “the Son of God.”) He wanted them to lay hold of this promise; in fact, He reminded Martha of this message when she balked at having the tomb opened (John 11:40). 在她們對耶穌的「禱告」中，兩個姊妹並沒有告訴祂該做什麼。她們只是告訴祂有需要，並提醒祂對拉撒路的愛。她們知道耶穌回到猶大是危險的，因為猶太領袖想要除滅祂。也許她們希望祂能“說一句話”，讓她們的兄弟恢復健康。我們的主給姊妹們的訊息並沒有說她們的兄弟不會死。它只應許死亡不會是最終的結果，因為最終的結果將是上帝的榮耀。 （請注意，耶穌再次稱自己為「上帝的兒子」。）祂希望她們抓住這個承諾；事實上，當馬大拒絕開墳墓時，祂就提醒她這個信息（約翰福音 11:40）。
When we find ourselves confronted by disease, dis appointment, delay, and even death, our only encouragement is the Word of God. We must live by faith and not by sight. Their situation seemed hopeless, yet the sisters knew that Jesus was the Master of every situation. The promise in Psalm 50:15 finds a parallel here: “And call upon me in the day of trouble: I will deliver thee, and thou shalt glorify me.” What about our Lord’s delay? He was not waiting for Lazarus to die, for he was already dead. Jesus lived on a divine timetable (John 11:9), and He was waiting for the Father to tell Him when to go to Bethany. The fact that the man had been dead four days gave greater authenticity to the miracle and greater opportunity for people to believe, including His own disciples (see John 11:15). 當我們發現自己面臨疾病、失望、延遲甚至死亡時，我們唯一的鼓勵就是上帝的話語。我們必 須憑信心而活，而不是憑眼見。她們的處境似乎毫無希望，但姊妹倆知道耶穌是一切狀況的主宰。詩篇 50:15 的承諾與此相似：「並要在患難之日求告我，我必搭救你，你也要榮耀我。」那我們主的拖延呢？祂不是在等拉撒路死，因為他已經死了。耶穌按照神聖的時間表生活（約翰福音 11:9），祂正在等待天父告訴祂何時要去伯大尼。這個人已經死了四天，這一事實使這個奇蹟更具真實性，也讓人們，包括祂自己的門徒，有更大的機會相信（參考約翰福音 11:15）。
When our Lord announced that He was returning to Judea, His disciples were alarmed, because they knew how dangerous it would be. (Bethany is only about two miles from Jerusalem.) But Jesus was willing to lay down His life for His friends (John 15:13). He knew that His return to Judea and the miracle of rais ing Lazarus would precipitate His own arrest and death. 當我們的主宣布他要返回猶大時，他的門徒們驚慌失措，因為他們知道那裡有多危險。 （伯大尼距離耶路撒冷只有大約兩英里。）但耶穌願意為他的朋友獻出生命（約翰福音15:13）。他知道他返回猶大並行使拉撒路復活的奇蹟會導致他自己被捕和死亡。
The Lord calmed their fears by reminding them that He was on the Father’s schedule, and that nothing could harm them. As we have seen, this is an important theme in the gospel of John (John 2:4; 7:6, 8, 30; 8:20; 12:23; 13:1; 17:1). But the disciples not only misun derstood the schedule, they also misunderstood the reason for the visit. They thought that, if Lazarus was sleeping, he was getting better! It was another example of their inability to grasp spiritual truth. “If he is sleep ing, he must be improving—so let’s not bother to go to Bethany!” 主提醒他們，祂按照天父的計劃行事，沒有任何事物可以傷害他們，以此平息他們的恐懼。如我們所見，這是約翰福音的一個重要主題（約翰福音2:4；7:6、8、30；8:20；12:23；13:1；17:1）。但門徒們不僅誤解了計劃，也誤解了他們來訪的原因。他們以為，如果拉撒路睡著了，就表示他正在好轉！這是他們無法掌握屬靈真理的另一個例子。 「如果他睡著了，那他肯定好轉了——所以我們就別去伯大尼了！」
Then He told them openly that Lazarus was dead. (Death for the believer is compared to sleep. See Acts 7:60; 1 Cor. 15:51; 1 Thess. 4:13–18.) He did not say He was glad that His friend died, but that He was glad He had not been there, for now He could reveal to His disciples His mighty power. The result would be glory to God and the strengthening of their faith. 然後他公開告訴他們拉撒路死了。 （對信徒來說，死亡就像睡覺。參考使徒行傳7:60；哥林多前書15:51；帖撒羅尼迦前書4:13-18。）他並沒有說他很高興他的朋友死了，而是說他很高興他沒在那裡，因為現在他可以向門徒彰顯他的大能。結果就是榮耀歸於上帝，堅固他們的信心。
If Thomas’s attitude was any indication, the faith of the disciples certainly needed strengthening! The name Thomas means “twin” in the Aramaic language; the Greek equivalent is Didymus. We do not know whose twin he was, but there are times when all of us seem to be his twin when we consider our unbelief and depressed feelings! It was Thomas who demanded evi dence before he would accept the truth of our Lord’s resurrection (John 20:24–28). Thomas was a doubting man, but we must confess that he was a devoted man: he was willing to go with Jesus into danger and risk his own life. We may not admire his faith, but we can certainly applaud his loy alty and courage. 如果多馬的態度能說明什麼問題的話，那就是門徒的信心確實需要堅固！多馬這個名字在亞蘭語中是「雙胞胎」的意思；希臘文對應的是狄迪莫斯。我們不知道他是誰的雙胞胎，但有時當我們考慮到自己的不信和沮喪情緒時，我們所有人似乎都像是他的雙胞胎！多馬要求證據，才接受我們主復活的真理（約 20:24-28）。多馬是個多疑的人，但我們必須承認他是個虔誠的人：他願意跟隨耶穌，冒著生命危險。我們或許不欽佩他的信仰，但我們絕對可以讚揚他的忠誠和勇氣。
The Sisters (11:17–40) Jesus was concerned not only about the faith of His own disciples, but also about the faith of Mary and Martha (John 11:26, 40). Each experience of suffering and trial ought to increase our faith, but this kind of spiritual growth is not automatic. We must respond positively to the ministry of the Word and the Spirit of God. Jesus had sent a promise to the two sisters (John 11:4), and now He would discover how they had received it. 姊妹（11:17-40） 耶穌不只關心祂門徒的信心，也關心馬利亞和馬大的信心（約翰福音11:26, 40）。每一次苦難和試煉的經驗都應該增強我們的信心，但這種靈性的成長並非自動而來。我們必須積極地回應上帝聖言和聖靈的服事。耶穌已將應許賜給兩位姊妹（約翰福音11:4），現在祂要知道她們是如何領受的。
The event recorded in Luke 10:38–42 makes it clear that Mary and Martha were quite different in their personalities. Martha was the worker, the active one, while Mary was the contemplative one who sat at the feet of Jesus and listened to His words. Jesus did not condemn Martha’s service, but He did rebuke her for being “torn apart” by so many things. She needed to have priorities and center her activities on the things that God would approve. As an old Wesley hymn puts it, we need to have a balanced life: 路加福音10:38-42所記載的事件清楚地表明，馬利亞和馬大的性格截然不同。馬大是做工的，是積極的；而馬利亞是默想的，坐在耶穌腳前聆聽祂的話語。耶穌並沒有譴責馬大的服事，但他責備她被這麼多事情「心煩意亂」。她需要分清輕重緩急，並將自己的活動集中在上帝所悅納的事上。正如一首古老的衛斯理聖詩所說，我們需要平衡的人生：
Faithful to my Lord’s commands, 忠於主的誡命， I still would choose the better part: 我仍願選擇更好的： Serve with careful Martha’s hands 用馬大細心的手服侍， And loving Mary’s heart. 用馬利亞愛人的心。
We would expect Martha to rush out to meet Jesus while Mary sat in the house, weeping with her friends. Since Mary later echoed Martha’s words of greeting (John 11:32), it is likely that the sisters often said these words to each other as they waited for Jesus to arrive. While there may have been a tinge of disappointment in the statement, there was also evidence of faith, for nobody ever died in the presence of Jesus Christ. “If” is such a big word! How futile it is to imagine what might have been, if— ! 我們以為馬大會衝出去迎接耶穌，而馬利亞則坐在屋裡，與朋友們一起哭泣。由於馬利亞後來也重複了馬大的問候（約翰福音11:32），所以姊妹倆很可能在等待耶穌到來時經常這樣說。雖然這句話中可能帶著一絲失望，但也體現了信心，因為在耶穌基督面前，從來沒有人死去。 「如果」這個字意義重大！想像如果…會發生什麼，是多麼徒勞！
Martha was quick to affirm her faith in Jesus Christ (John 11:22), and Jesus responded to that faith by promising her that her brother would rise again. He was thinking of the immediate situation, but she inter preted His words to mean the future resurrection in the last day (Dan. 12:2–3; John 5:28–29). Here is another instance in John’s gospel of people lacking spiritual per ception and being unable to understand the words of Jesus. 馬大很快就確認了她對耶穌基督的信仰（約翰福音11:22），耶穌也回應了她的信仰，並承諾她的兄弟會復活。他考慮的是眼前的處境，但她卻將他的話解讀為末日的復活（但以理書12：2-3；約翰福音5：28-29）。這是約翰福音中另一個例子，人們缺乏屬靈的感知力，無法理解耶穌的話。
Our Lord’s reply is the fifth of the “I am” state ments. It is important to note that Jesus did not deny what Martha said about the future resurrection. The resurrection of the human body is a cardinal doctrine in the orthodox Jewish faith. But in His great “I am” statement, our Lord completely transformed the doc trine of the resurrection and, in so doing, brought great comfort to Martha’s heart. 我們主的回答是第五個「我是」的陳述。值得注意的是，耶穌並沒有否認馬大關於未來復活的說法。人體復活是正統猶太教信仰中的一個基本教義。但是，在祂偉大的「我是」的陳述中，我們的主徹底改變了復活的教義，並因此給馬大的心靈帶來了極大的安慰。
To begin with, He brought the doctrine of the resurrection out of the shadows and into the light. The Old Testament revelation about death and resur rection is not clear or complete; it is, as it were, “in the shadows.” In fact, there are some passages in Psalms and Ecclesiastes that almost make one believe that death is the end and there is no hope beyond the grave. False teachers like to use these passages to sup port their heretical teachings, but they ignore (or misinterpret) the clear teachings found in the New Testament. After all, it was not David or Solomon who “brought life and immortality to light through the gospel” (2 Tim. 1:10), but Jesus Christ! 首先，祂把復活的教義從陰影中帶到了光明中。舊約中關於死亡和復活的啟示並不清晰或完整；它就像「在陰影裡」一樣。事實上，詩篇和傳道書中的某些經文幾乎讓人相信死亡就是終結，死後別無希望。假教師喜歡用這些經文來支持他們的異端教義，卻忽略（或曲解）新約聖經中清晰的教導。畢竟，「藉著福音，將不能壞的生命彰顯出來」（提摩太後書1:10）的，不是大衛或所羅門，而是耶穌基督！
By His teaching, His miracles, and His own resur rection, Jesus clearly taught the resurrection of the human body. He has declared once for all that death is real, that there is life after death, and that the body will one day be raised by the power of God. He transformed this doctrine in a second way: He took it out of a book and put it into a person, Himself. “I am the resurrection and the life” (John 11:25)! 耶穌透過祂的教導、祂的神蹟和祂自身的復活，清楚地教導了人體的復活。他一勞永逸地宣告了死亡是真實的，死後還有生命，並且身體終有一天會因上帝的大能而復活。他以另一種方式改變了這一教義：他將其從一本書中取出，並賦予了他自己。 「復活在我，生命也在我」（約翰福音11:25）！
While we thank God for what the Bible teaches (and all Martha had was the Old Testament), we realize that we are saved by the Redeemer, Jesus Christ, and not by a doctrine written in a book. When we know Him by faith, we need not fear the shadow of death. 我們感謝上帝賜給我們聖經的教導（而馬大隻有舊約），但我們也意識到，我們得救是靠救贖主耶穌基督，而不是靠書本上的教義。當我們憑著信心認識祂時，就無需懼怕死亡的陰影。
When you are sick, you want a doctor and not a medical book or a formula. When you are being sued, you want a lawyer and not a law book. Likewise, when you face your last enemy, death, you want the Savior and not a doctrine written in a book. In Jesus Christ, every doctrine is made personal (1 Cor. 1:30). When you belong to Him, you have all that you ever will need in life, death, time, or eternity! 當你生病時，你需要的是醫生，而不是醫書或處方。當你被起訴時，你需要的是律師，而不是法律書。同樣，當你面對最後的敵人——死亡——時，你需要的是救主，而不是書本上的教義。在耶穌基督裡，每一項教義都變得切合個人需要（哥林多前書 1:30）。當你屬於祂時，你就擁有了在生、死、今生或永恆中所需的一切！
But perhaps the greatest transformation Jesus per formed was to move the doctrine of the resurrection out of the future and into the present. Martha was looking to the future, knowing that Lazarus would rise again and she would see him. Her friends were looking to the past and saying, “He could have prevented Lazarus from dying” (John 11:37)! But Jesus tried to center their attention on the present: wherever He is, God’s resurrection power is available now (Rom. 6:4; Gal. 2:20; Phil. 3:10). 但或許耶穌所成就的最大轉變，是將復活的教義從未來帶到了現在。馬大著眼於未來，知道拉撒路會復活，她會見到他。她的朋友回想過去，說：「他本來可以救拉撒路不死」（約翰福音11:37）！但耶穌試圖將他們的注意力集中在當下：無論他在哪裡，神復活的大能現在就在那裡（羅馬書6:4；加拉太書2:20；腓立比書3:10）。
Jesus affirmed that believers would one day be raised from the dead (John 11:25). Then He immedi ately revealed the added truth that some believers would never die (and it is a double negative, “never never die!”) (John 11:26). How is this possible? The answer is found in 1 Thessalonians 4:13, 18. When Jesus Christ returns in the air to take His people home, those who are alive at His coming shall never die. They shall be changed and caught up to meet Him in the air! 耶穌肯定信徒終有一天會從死裡復活（約翰福音11:25）。然後他立即揭示了一個額外的真理，有些信徒永遠不會死（這是一個雙重否定，「永遠不會死！」）（約翰福音11:26）。這怎麼可能？答案在帖撒羅尼迦前書4:13, 18。當耶穌基督在空中再來接祂的子民回家時，那些在祂來臨時還活著的人將永遠不死。他們將被改變，被提到空中與他相遇！
Martha did not hesitate to affirm her faith. She used three different titles for Jesus: Lord, Christ (Messiah), and Son of God. The words “I believe” are in the perfect tense, indicating a fixed and settled faith. “I have believed and I will continue to believe!” 馬大毫不猶豫地肯定了她的信仰。她用三個不同的稱謂來稱呼耶穌：主、基督（彌賽亞）和神的兒子。 「我信」這幾個字是完成時態，表示堅定不移的信心。 「我已經信了，還要信！」
Our Lord dealt with Martha’s faith; now He had to help Mary. Why did Martha call Mary “secretly”? Possibly because of the danger involved: they knew that the Jewish leaders were out to arrest Jesus. When Mary arose to go to meet Jesus, her friends misunderstood her actions and thought she was going to the tomb to weep. They wanted to weep with her, so they followed along. Imagine their surprise when they met Jesus! 我們的主處理了馬大的信心問題；現在他必須幫助馬利亞。馬大為什麼「偷偷地」叫馬利亞呢？可能是因為危險：他們知道猶太領袖要逮捕耶穌。當馬利亞起身去迎接耶穌時，她的朋友誤解了她的行為，以為她要去墳墓哭。他們想跟她哭，就跟著哭了。想像一下，當他們見到耶穌時，他們有多驚訝！
Mary is found three times in the gospel record, and each time she is at the feet of Jesus (Luke 10:39; John 11:32; 12:3). She sat at His feet and listened to His word; she fell at His feet and poured out her sorrow, and she came to His feet to give Him her praise and worship. Mary’s only recorded words in the Gospels are given in John 11:32, and they echo what Martha had already said (John 11:21). 福音書中三次提到馬利亞，每次她都在耶穌腳前（路加福音10:39；約翰福音11:32；12:3）。她坐在耶穌腳前聆聽祂的話語；她俯伏在祂腳前傾訴她的憂愁；她來到祂腳前讚美和敬拜祂。福音書中唯一記錄馬利亞的話語是在約翰福音11:32，這些話語與馬大之前所說的話相呼應（約翰福音11:21）。
Mary did not say much because she was overcome with sorrow and began to weep. Her friends joined in the weeping, as Jewish people are accustomed to do. The word used means “a loud weeping, a lamentation.” Our Lord’s response was to groan within and “be moved with indignation.” At what was He indignant? At the ravages of sin in the world that He had created. Death is an enemy, and Satan uses the fear of death as a terrible weapon (Heb. 2:14–18). No wonder Jesus was indignant! 馬利亞沒有說太多，因為她悲傷過度，開始哭泣。她的朋友也加入了哭泣，就像猶太人習慣做的那樣。 「放聲大哭，哀號」這個字的意思是「放聲大哭，哀嘆」。我們的主對此的反應是內心呻吟，並且「動搖」。他為何而憤慨？因為祂所創造的世界中罪惡的肆虐。死亡是敵人，撒旦利用對死亡的恐懼作為可怕的武器（希伯來書2:14-18）。難怪耶穌會憤慨！
The mystery of our Lord’s incarnation is seen by His question in John 11:34. Jesus knew that Lazarus had died (John 11:11), but He had to ask where he was buried. Our Lord never used His divine powers when normal human means would suffice. 我們主道成肉身的奧秘可以從祂在約翰福音11:34中所提出的問題中看出。耶穌知道拉撒路已經死了（約翰福音11:11），但他必須問他被埋葬在哪裡。當正常的人類手段就足夠時，我們的主從不使用祂的神力。 “Jesus wept” is the shortest and yet the deepest verse in Scripture. His was a silent weeping (the Greek word is used nowhere else in the New Testament) and not the loud lamentation of the mourners. But why did He weep at all? After all, He knew that He would raise Lazarus from the dead (John 11:11). 「耶穌哭了」是聖經中最短卻最深刻的經文。祂是無聲的哭泣（希臘文在新約聖經中其他地方沒有使用過），而不是像哀悼者那樣大聲哀號。但祂為何哭泣呢？畢竟，祂知道祂會使拉撒路從死裡復活（約翰福音11:11）。
Our Lord’s weeping reveals the humanity of the Savior. He has entered into all of our experiences and knows how we feel. In fact, being the perfect God Man, Jesus experienced these things in a deeper way than we do. His tears also assure us of His sympathy; He is indeed “a man of sorrows and acquainted with grief” (Isa. 53:3). Today, He is our merciful and faith ful High Priest, and we may come to the throne of grace and find all the gracious help that we need (Heb. 4:14–16). 我們主的哭泣揭示了救主的人性。祂體會到我們所有的經歷，知道我們的感受。事實上，身為完美的神人，耶穌比我們更深刻地體會這些事。祂的眼淚也向我們保證祂的同情；祂確實「多受痛苦，常經憂患」（以賽亞書53:3）。今天，祂是我們慈悲信實的大祭司，我們可以來到施恩的寶座前，得到我們所需要的一切恩典的幫助（希伯來書4:14-16）。 We see in His tears the tragedy of sin but also the glory of heaven. Perhaps Jesus was weeping for Lazarus, as well as with the sisters, because He knew He was calling His friend from heaven and back into a wicked world where he would one day have to die again. Jesus had come down from heaven; He knew what Lazarus was leaving behind. 我們從祂的眼淚中，看到了罪的悲劇，也看見了天國的榮耀。耶穌或許在為拉撒路哭泣，也為拉撒路的姊妹們哭泣，因為祂知道祂正在呼喚祂的朋友離開天國，回到這個邪惡的世界，在那裡，他終有一天會再次死去。耶穌已經從天上降下來；祂知道拉撒路留下了什麼。
The spectators saw in His tears an evidence of His love. But some of them said, “If Jesus loved Lazarus so much, why did He not prevent his death?” Perhaps they were thinking, “Jesus is weeping because He was unable to do anything. They are tears of deep regret.” In other words, nobody present really expected a miracle! For this reason, nobody could accuse Jesus of “plotting” this event and being in collusion with the two sisters and their friends. Even the disciples did not believe that Jesus would raise Lazarus from the dead! 旁觀者從祂的眼淚中看到了祂愛的證據。但有些人說：「如果耶穌如此愛拉撒路，為什麼不阻止他死去呢？」或許他們在想：「耶穌哭泣是因為他無能為力。這是深深悔恨的淚水。」換句話說，在場的所有人都沒有真正期待奇蹟發生！因此，沒有人可以指責耶穌「策劃」了這件事，並與兩姊妹及其朋友串通一氣。即使是門徒也不相信耶穌會讓拉撒路從死裡復活！
The one person who declared her faith was Martha (John 11:27), and she failed at the last minute. “Open the tomb? By now he smells!” Jesus gently reminded her of the message He had sent at least three days before (John 11:4), and He urged her to believe it. True faith relies on God’s promises and thereby releases God’s power. Martha relented, and the stone was rolled away. 唯一一個表明自己信仰的人是馬大（約翰福音11:27），但她在最後一刻失敗了。 「開墳墓？他現在臭了！」耶穌溫柔地提醒她，祂至少三天前就傳達了祂的信息（約翰福音11:4），並鼓勵她相信。真正的信心依賴神的應許，並因此釋放神的能力。馬大心軟了，石頭就滾開了。
The Jews (11:41–57) 猶太人（11:41-57） The emphasis from this point on was on the faith of the spectators, the people who had come to comfort Mary and Martha. Jesus paused to pray (John 11:41; see also 6:11) and thanked the Father that the prayer had already been heard. When had He prayed? Probably when He received the message that His friend was sick (John 11:4). The Father then told Him what the plan was, and Jesus obeyed the Father’s will. His prayer now was for the sake of the unbelieving specta tors, that they might know that God had sent Him. 從此時起，重點放在旁觀者的信心上，這些人前來安慰馬利亞和馬大。耶穌停下來禱告（約翰福音11:41；另參6:11），並感謝天父已經垂聽了祂的禱告。祂是什麼時候禱告的？很可能是在祂得知朋友生病了的消息時（約翰福音11:4）。天父隨後告訴祂計畫是什麼，耶穌順服了天父的旨意。祂現在的禱告是為了那些不信的旁觀者，好讓他們知道是神差遣了祂。
A quaint Puritan writer said that if Jesus had not named Lazarus when He shouted, He would have emp tied the whole cemetery! Jesus called Lazarus and raised him from the dead. Since Lazarus was bound, he could not walk to the door of the tomb, so God’s power must have carried him along. It was an unquestioned miracle that even the most hostile spectator could not deny. 一位古怪的清教徒作家寫道，如果耶穌呼喊時沒有說出拉撒路的名字，祂就會把整個墓地都清空！耶穌呼喚拉撒路，使他從死裡復活。拉撒路被綁著，無法走到墓門，所以一定是神的能力帶動了他。這是一個毋庸置疑的奇蹟，即使是最有敵意的旁觀者也無法否認。 The experience of Lazarus is a good illustration of what happens to a sinner when he trusts the Savior (Eph. 2:1–10). Lazarus was dead, and all sinners are dead. He was decayed, because death and decay go together. All lost people are spiritually dead, but some are more “decayed” than others. No one can be “more dead” than another. 拉撒路的經驗很好地說明了罪人信靠救主後會發生什麼事（弗 2:1-10）。拉撒路死了，所有罪人也都死了。他腐爛了，因為死亡和腐爛是相伴而生的。所有迷失的人在靈裡都是死的，但有些人比其他人更「腐爛」。沒有人會比別人「死得更徹底」。
Lazarus was raised from the dead by the power of God, and all who trust Christ have been given new life and lifted out of the graveyard of sin (see John 5:24). Lazarus was set free from the graveclothes (see Col. 3:1ff.) and given new liberty. You find him seated with Christ at the table (John 12:2), and all believers are “seated with Christ” in heavenly places (Eph. 2:6), enjoying spiritual food and fellowship. 拉撒路藉著神的大能從死裡復活，所有信靠基督的人都被賦予了新生命，被帶離了罪惡的墳墓（參考約翰福音 5:24）。拉撒路從裹屍布中被釋放（參考歌羅西書 3:1 及後），獲得了新的自由。你會發現祂與基督一同坐在桌旁（約翰福音 12:2），所有信徒都「與基督一同坐在」天上（弗 2:6），享受屬靈的食糧和團契。
Because of the great change in Lazarus, many peo ple desired to see him, and his “living witness” was used by God to bring people to salvation (John 12:9–11). There are no recorded words of Lazarus in the Gospels, but his daily walk is enough to convince people that Jesus is the Son of God. Because of his effective witness, Lazarus was persecuted by the religious leaders who wanted to kill him and get rid of the evidence. 由於拉撒路的巨大變化，許多人渴望見到他，而他「活生生的見證」也被神用來拯救人們（約翰福音12:9-11）。福音書中沒有關於拉撒路的記載，但他日常生活足以使人們相信耶穌是神的兒子。由於他有效的見證，拉撒路遭到宗教領袖的迫害，他們想殺死他並消滅證據。
As with the previous miracles, the people were divided in their response. Some did believe and on “Palm Sunday” gave witness of the miracle Jesus had performed (John 12:17–18). But others immediately went to the religious leaders and reported what had happened in Bethany. These “informers” were so near the kingdom, yet there is no evidence that they believed. If the heart will not yield to truth, then the grace of God cannot bring salvation. These people could have experienced a spiritual resurrection in their own lives! 與之前的奇蹟一樣，人們的反應也存在分歧。有些人相信了，並在「棕櫚主日」見證了耶穌所行的奇蹟（約翰福音12:17-18）。但其他人立即去找宗教領袖，報告在伯大尼發生的事情。這些「告密者」離天國這麼近，卻沒有證據顯示他們相信。如果人心不屈服於真理，那麼神的恩典就無法帶來救贖。這些人本來可以在自己的生命中經歷靈性的復活！
It was necessary that the Jewish council (Sanhedrin) meet and discuss what to do with Jesus. They were not seeking after truth; they were seeking for ways to pro tect their own selfish interests. If He gathered too many followers, He might get the attention of the Roman authorities, and this could hurt the Jewish cause. 猶太公會（Sanhedrin）有必要開會討論如何處置耶穌。他們並非尋求真理，而是在尋求維護自身私利的途徑。如果耶穌聚集了太多追隨者，可能會引起羅馬當局的注意，這可能會損害猶太人的事業。
The high priest, Caiaphas, was a Sadducee, not a Pharisee (Acts 23:6–10), but the two factions could always get together to fight a common enemy. Unknown to himself and to the council, Caiaphas uttered a divine prophecy: Jesus would die for the nation so that the nation would not perish. “For the transgression of my people was he stricken” (Isa. 53:8). True to his vision of a worldwide family of God, John added his inspired explanation: Jesus would die not only for the Jews, but for all of God’s children who would be gathered together in one heavenly family. (Note John 4:42; 10:16.) 大祭司該亞法是撒都該人，而非法利賽人（使徒行傳23:6-10），但這兩個派系總是可以聯合起來對抗共同的敵人。該亞法在自己和公會都不知道的情況下，說出了一個神聖的預言：耶穌將為這個國家而死，使這個國家不致滅亡。 「祂受責罰是因我百姓的罪」（以賽亞書53:8）。約翰秉承他對上帝普世大家庭的願景，並補充了他受神啟發的解釋：耶穌不僅為猶太人而死，也為所有聚集在一個天上大家庭的上帝兒女而死。 （注意約翰福音 4:42；10:16。）
The official decision that day was that Jesus must die (see Matt. 12:14; Luke 19:47; John 5:18; 7:1, 19–20, 25). The leaders thought that they were in con trol of the situation, but it was God who was working out His predetermined plan (Acts 2:23). Originally, they wanted to wait until after the Passover, but God had decreed otherwise. 當天官方的決定是耶穌必須死（參考馬太福音 12:14；路加福音 19:47；約翰福音 5:18；7:1、19-20、25）。領袖們認為他們能控制局面，但這是上帝在執行祂預定的計劃（使徒行傳 2:23）。起初，他們想等到逾越節之後，但上帝另有安排。
Jesus withdrew to Ephraim, about fifteen miles north of Jerusalem, and there He remained in quiet retirement with His disciples. The crowd was gathering in Jerusalem for the Passover feast, and the pilgrims were wondering if Jesus would attend the feast even though He was in danger. He was now on the “wanted” list, because the council had made it known that any one who knew where Jesus was must report it to the officials. 耶穌退到耶路撒冷以北約十五英里的以法蓮，在那裡與祂的門徒安靜地隱居。人群聚集在耶路撒冷過逾越節，朝聖者們想知道耶穌是否會參加節日，即使祂處於危險之中。他現在上了「通緝」名單，因為公會已經宣布，任何知道耶穌下落的人都必須向官員報告。
John 11 reveals the deity of Jesus Christ and the utter depravity of the human heart. The rich man in hades had argued, “If one went unto them from the dead, they will repent” (Luke 16:30). Lazarus came back from the dead, and the officials wanted to kill him! Miracles certainly reveal the power of God, but of themselves they cannot communicate the grace of God. 約翰福音11章揭示了耶穌基督的神性和人心的徹底墮落。陰間的財主曾爭辯說：「若有一個從死裡復活的，到他們那裡去，他們必要悔改。」（路加福音16:30）拉撒路死而復活，官長們卻想殺他！神蹟固然彰顯了神的大能，但神蹟本身卻無法傳達神的恩典。
The stage had been set for the greatest drama in history, during which man would do his worst and God would give His best. 人類史上最偉大的戲劇舞台已經搭好，在這舞台上，人將展現最壞的一面，而神將展現祂最好的一面。
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