219 英语词类基本应用(十三) Modifier:
Adverbs 修饰语: 副词 8/15/2019
我们的天父上帝, 求怜悯孩子, 使我要脚踏实地, 要细嚼慢吞, 澈底了解才能告诉别人. 谢谢祢, 求祢继续恩待, 让孩子能一生一世以心灵和诚实事奉祢, 奉主耶稣的名祈祷. 阿门.
修饰语包括形容词及副词, 前讲谈到形容词比较, 没有涉及另一种方式: 比较级 more ... than; 最高级 the most ... of. 这种比较对初三的同学讲基本的词类学习, 比较不合适. 要用比较级 more ... than; 最高级 the most ... of, 则必须知道英语音节. 如英语词字是两个音节, 或超过两个节以上, 才要用该方式.
例如:
She is more beautiful than her sister.
(beautiful 有三个音节, 可以用这方式比较. 用于比较级时, 要把形容词放在
more ... than 中间.)
She is the most beautiful of
her sisters.
(若要用于多过两者的比较则使用最高级, 要把形容词放在
the most ... of 中间,还要注意加 the 和名词加 s.)
[一.] 修饰语中的副词是用来修饰动词, 形容词, 或另外的副词. (An adverb modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb). 它说明被修饰的词的 “如何”, “何时”, “何处” 或 “到什么程度”.
(An adverb tells how, when,
where, or to what extent).
例如:
Our skates moved effortlessly. (如何)
The ice is glistening now. (何时)
The canals are frozen there. (何处)
The air was very dry. (到什么程度)
练习:
试从下列各句中指出副词, 并注明它是如何修饰: 如何, 何时, 何处或到什么程度.
(Write the adverb from each sentence.
Label the adverb how, when, where, or
to what extent).
1. Paul rose
early and watched the sun rise.
2. He looked
up and saw billowing clouds.
3. They were
very beautiful in the soft light.
4. A large
gray hawk circled lazily.
5. A gopher
cautiously poked its nose out of its hole.
6. Hans
dressed warmly.
7. He walked
outside.
8. He waved
happily to his friends.
9. The air
was quite cold.
10 Many
people skated tonight.
练习:
试从下列各句中指出副词, 并注明它是修饰形容词还是另外的副词.
(Write each adverb and the word it
modifies adjective, or adverb).
1. Kevin
watched the gopher very quietly.
2. He
remained quite still.
3. The world
gradually awoke.
4. Singing
birds sweetly greeted the morning.
5. Kevin
heard his parents' voices and returned reluctantly.
6. He
suddenly felt very hungry.
[二.] 副词在句子中的位置. (Placement of Adverbs in Sentences.)
用副词修饰形容词或另外的副词, 它的位置应尽量靠近所修饰的词字.
(Place most adverbs that modify adjectives
or other adverbs just before the word modify).
例如:
Clouds scudded very swiftly across the sky.
The sky was quite
beautiful.
用副词修饰动词时, 它的位置几乎可置于任何地方.
(Place most adverbs that modify verbs
almost anywhere in the sentence).
例如:
Life guards watched the swimmers carefully.
Life guards carefully
watched the swimmers.
练习: 试将括号内的副词填入句内, 并注明它的位置.
(Add the
adverb in parentheses to each sentence and write the placement of the adverbs).
1. A wave
crashed over Bruce's boat. (heavily)
2. The boat
overturned in the water. (clumsily)
3. Bruce
floundered in the water. (helplessly)
4. Another
boat observed Bruce's struggle. (immediately)
[三.] 副词的比较. (Comparison with Adverbs).
大多数短的副词形成其比较级或最高级, 简单的在副词字尾加上 er 或 est.
(To form the comparative or the
superlative of most short adverbs, add er
or est).
例如:
Bradley is nicer
than his brother.
有两个音节或以上的副词形成其比较级或最高级, 则以more 或 less 和 most 或 least 来 代
er 和 est. (Use more or less and
most or least instead of er and
est with adverbs that have two
or more syllables).
例如:
Today is the most
enjoyable day I have had all year.
练习:
试写出下列各副词的比较级和最高级.
(Write the
comparative form and the superlative form of each adverb).
原本 比较级 最高级
low
near
slowly
seriously
eagerly
fast
frequently
readily
noticeably
easy
练习:
试用括号内的副词的正确的比较的形式, 填入空格中, 以完成该句子.
(Complete each sentence. Use the
correct form of the adverb in parentheses).
1. Mary and
Stephen practice archery ____than Paul and Ruth do.
(often)
2. Mary scored ______of all the students in the
class.
(high)
3. She aimed
_____than the others.
(carefully)
4. Stephen
was surprised when she shot ______than he did.
(accurately)
5. He is
strong, and his arrows always fly ____than hers.
(far)
