47 英文文法应用之二 : 何时要将英文单词大写? (capitalization) 11/27/2014
读美国小学五年级(5 grade)的语言补习班的参考书, 它用很多篇幅讲解 “何时要将英文单词大写”. 起初不了解其重要性. 经过仔细默想后, 领悟他们的小孩从小说的是英文,
文法变化的一些基本知识早已经深刻的印在脑海中,
要写简单句子时对文法部分不会感到很困难. 但要晓得何时英文单词要大写时,
就很困难, 因在他们的脑内没有
‘大写’
的印象,
;所以, 很少不把 ‘ I ’写成
‘ i ’的.
对我国学生而言, 更是困扰.
在我们的文字中很少有大写的. 博客“英文文法”对这问题仅在讲英文专门名词时提及不多. 现在要稍微详尽的来谈一谈这问题的要点. 希望引起同学对“英文单词的大写”的注意. 千万不要忽略它.
编辑者前曾是一位老师, 在我改卷子时, 若发现他连大写都会出错,
你想我对这个人的第一印象会是怎幺样? 既或他英文文法规则很熟, 也无济于事. 文法规则不是重点, 例句才是精髓所在. 背文法规则不如背例句. 要把例句整个的背起来, 连 ‘标点’
及 ‘大写’ 都记牢.
英文句子的大写及标点在英文句子中的意义是促使其意念明晰. 明晰实在是英文造句的重点. 今扼要的述说“英文单词的大写”原则如下:
1. the first word in a sentence (每个英语句子开头的第一个单词要大写).
例如: What are you doing ? 你正在做什幺?
This is a my book. 这是我的书。
2. the first word in a direct quotation (在直接引语中的第一个单词要大写).
例如: John asked Tony, “What are you doing
?”
约翰问汤尼, “你正在做什幺?”
Mary said to her younger sister, “This is a my book.”
Mary said to her younger sister, “This is a my book.”
玛利对她的妹妹说, “这是我的书.”
3. the pronoun
“ I ” (代名词第一人称主位在句中的任何位置都应大写.)
例如:Tom and I are students. 汤姆和我是学生。
例如:Tom and I are students. 汤姆和我是学生。
4. the names of people (姓名中的姓和名的首字母都要大写.)
例如: Ann Read安
· 里德, Peter Teng 邓彼得5. The title that shows the rank or position of people when used with their names (表示
称呼语或职务的单词后有姓名连在一起的要大写.)
例如:Mr. Green格林先生, Dr. Li 李博士
6. the proper nouns (专门名词要大写.)
例如:New York, Texas , Taiwan, South Korea 等等.
例如:Mr. Green格林先生, Dr. Li 李博士
6. the proper nouns (专门名词要大写.)
例如:New York, Texas , Taiwan, South Korea 等等.
7.
the week days, the names of months,
special festival (特别节日,和周日及月等名词要大写.)
例如:Monday, November, Teachers' Day 等等.
例如:Monday, November, Teachers' Day 等等.
8.
the names of religion and related to religion (宗教、和宗教相关名称也大写.)
例如: Catholic, Christian, Buddhism, Muslims,
Jewish,
God,
Christ, Bible, Holy Bible, Saint Valentine, Pope Benedict.
9. the proper adjectives (专门形容词要大写.)
9. the proper adjectives (专门形容词要大写.)
例如: Italian food, Chinese restaurant 等等
练习一:
在下列短文中, 有必要大写的单词在其下加底线. 并且注上其必须大写的理由的号码. 可能有的会多过一个大写的理由.
范例: one
(1)summer night, john (6) and tony
(6) noticed a bat flying overhead.
"did
(2) you know that bats help control insects?" remarked tony (6).
John (6) replied, “somehow
(2) i (3) always think of Dracula (6) when i (3) see a bat.”
依照范例继续做下面的习题:
"long ago, people of slavic countries
believed in vampires, but a bat isn't really scary," laughed tony. "a
brown bat weighs only about half an ounce."
" i haven't seen one up close,"
admitted john.
"a good place to see bats is the
carlsbad caverns in new mexico . a colony of mexican free-tailed bats lives in
one of the caves. at dusk, hundreds of thousands of bats fly out to hunt. many
american tourists visit there to see this amazing sight."
most north american bats hibernate during
december, january and february. when
early insects come out in march or april, the bats awaken.